Table 1.
Characteristics of participants according to gender, SPECT-China 2014 study
| Total (n 6597) | Male (n 2813) | Female (n 3784) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | P value |
| Age (years) | 52·5 | 13·5 | 52·7 | 13·5 | 52·3 | 13·5 | 0·316 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5·35 | 0·82 | 5·44 | 0·90 | 5·29 | 0·75 | <0·001 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 5·61 | 1·25 | 5·65 | 1·34 | 5·59 | 1·18 | 0·046 |
| Fasting insulin (pmol/l) | 39·80 | 34·21 | 38·27 | 39·38 | 40·94 | 29·75 | 0·002 |
| HOMA-IR | 1·48 | 1·64 | 1·43 | 1·82 | 1·52 | 1·49 | 0·044 |
| 25(OH)D (nmol/l) | 41·1 | 10·8 | 43·1 | 11·6 | 39·6 | 9·8 | <0·001 |
| Winter (n 3302) | 41·33 | 11·25 | 43·40 | 12·26 | 39·70 | 10·11 | <0·001 |
| Spring (n 3295) | 40·85 | 10·24 | 42·77 | 10·92 | 39·49 | 9·51 | <0·001 |
| Cr (μmol/l) | 76·86 | 17·29 | 87·51 | 17·18 | 68·94 | 12·44 | <0·001 |
| WHR | 0·86 | 0·18 | 0·89 | 0·25 | 0·83 | 0·08 | <0·001 |
| AST (U/l) | 25·10 | 11·05 | 26·86 | 12·47 | 23·78 | 9·66 | <0·001 |
| ALT (U/l) | 22·19 | 15·89 | 26·17 | 18·51 | 19·24 | 12·84 | <0·001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | 2·93 | 0·72 | 2·93 | 0·70 | 2·92 | 0·74 | 0·680 |
| TAG (mmol/l) | 1·66 | 1·60 | 1·90 | 1·92 | 1·48 | 1·27 | <0·001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | 1·46 | 0·32 | 1·37 | 0·31 | 1·52 | 0·31 | <0·001 |
| TC (mmol/l) | 5·09 | 1·01 | 5·07 | 0·98 | 5·11 | 1·03 | 0·086 |
| NC (cm) | 33·50 | 3·49 | 35·78 | 3·10 | 31·80 | 2·71 | <0·001 |
| WC (cm) | 79·01 | 10·06 | 82·67 | 9·28 | 76·28 | 9·74 | <0·001 |
| HC (cm) | 92·56 | 6·80 | 93·56 | 6·50 | 91·81 | 6·92 | <0·001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24·15 | 3·57 | 24·53 | 3·51 | 23·87 | 3·59 | <0·001 |
| Smoking (%) | 23·7 | 53·7 | 3·0 | <0·001 | |||
| Drinking (%) | 30·5 | 57·7 | 12·7 | <0·001 | |||
SPECT-China 2014, Survey on the Prevalence in East China of Metabolic Diseases and Risk Factors, 2014; HbA1c, glycated Hb; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; Cr, creatinine; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; LDL-C, LDL cholesterol; HDL-C, HDL cholesterol; TC, total cholesterol; NC, neck circumference; WC, waist circumference; HC, hip circumference.