Fig. 4.

“Digital Twin” approach. The EEG data are used as an example application. The patient's data are fitted with a personalised brain model, creating a "digital twin" of the patient whose simulated activity best resembles the patient's empirical EEG. The effects of various interventions are then simulated on the “digital twin” and evaluated based on goodness of fit compared to normative data from healthy controls. The underlying assumption is that an intervention that makes the EEG activity of the “digital twin” resemble the EEG of control subjects may be a good candidate for a clinical intervention in the patient.