Table 2.
Associations between prevalent colorectal adenoma and quartile of Energy-Density Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII) score† in the screening-arm participants (n 44 255) by sex‡; Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial, USA, 1993–2000
| Quartile 1 (least | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 (most inflammatory) | Wald χ 2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| inflammatory; reference) | OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | P trend | |
| Men (n 23 788)§ | ||||||||
| All distal adenoma | <0·0001 | |||||||
| No. of cases | 327 | 496 | 741 | 1091 | ||||
| Multivariable-adjusted OR (95 % CI) | 1·00 | 1·06 | 0·92, 1·23 | 1·28 | 1·12, 1·47 | 1·41 | 1·23, 1·62 | |
| Non-advanced adenoma | 0·0002 | |||||||
| No. of cases | 193 | 310 | 449 | 630 | ||||
| Multivariable-adjusted OR (95 % CI) | 1·00 | 1·14 | 0·95, 1·38 | 1·34 | 1·12, 1·60 | 1·42 | 1·19, 1·68 | |
| Advanced adenoma | 0·0003 | |||||||
| No. of cases | 129 | 184 | 284 | 441 | ||||
| Multivariable-adjusted OR (95 % CI) | 1·00 | 0·97 | 0·77, 1·22 | 1·21 | 0·98, 1·50 | 1·39 | 1·13, 1·71 | |
| Multiple adenomas (>1) | 0·0004 | |||||||
| No. of cases | 80 | 136 | 193 | 327 | ||||
| Multivariable-adjusted OR (95 % CI) | 1·00 | 1·18 | 0·89, 1·56 | 1·32 | 1·01, 1·72 | 1·63 | 1·26, 2·11 | |
| Women (n 20 467)║ | ||||||||
| All distal adenoma | 0·03 | |||||||
| No. of cases | 469 | 358 | 356 | 225 | ||||
| Multivariable-adjusted OR (95 % CI) | 1·00 | 0·90 | 0·78, 1·04 | 1·13 | 0·98, 1·31 | 1·08 | 0·91, 1·29 | |
| Non-advanced adenoma | 0·07 | |||||||
| No. of cases | 291 | 222 | 217 | 142 | ||||
| Multivariable-adjusted OR (95 % CI) | 1·00 | 0·92 | 0·77, 1·10 | 1·14 | 0·95, 1·38 | 1·17 | 0·94, 1·45 | |
| Advanced adenoma | 0·29 | |||||||
| No. of cases | 177 | 132 | 135 | 83 | ||||
| Multivariable-adjusted OR (95 % CI) | 1·00 | 0·86 | 0·68, 1·08 | 1·09 | 0·86, 1·38 | 0·96 | 0·72, 1·27 | |
| Multiple adenomas (>1) | 0·06 | |||||||
| No. of cases | 91 | 60 | 69 | 57 | ||||
| Multivariable-adjusted OR (95 % CI) | 1·00 | 0·77 | 0·55, 1·07 | 1·08 | 0·79, 1·49 | 1·28 | 0·90, 1·82 | |
Significant (P<0·05) results are indicated in bold font.
Quartile 1, E-DII<−2·93; quartile 2, E-DII=−2·93 to −1·80; quartile 3, E-DII=−1·81 to −0·45; quartile 4, E-DII>−0·45.
Interaction P values for sex × E-DII score for adenoma (overall), non-advanced adenoma, advanced adenoma and multiple (>1) adenoma are, respectively, 0·03, 0·16, 0·20 and 0·29.
Adjusted for BMI, education, smoking status, race, Ca intake, alcohol intake and age.
Adjusted for BMI, smoking, race, hormone status, total daily energy intake, Ca intake, alcohol intake and age.