Fig. 2.

Regularized partial correlation networks that include either PIU (a) or PSU (b) in association with other psychological variables in the boys' sample. Notes: Blue lines represent positive regularized partial correlations and red lines represent negative regularized partial correlations. The line thickness indicates the strength of the relationship. The grey pie chart surrounding each node depicts the proportion of a given node's variance, as explained by the other nodes in the network. PIU, problematic internet use; PSU, Problematic smartphone use; FoMO, fear of missing out; INT, Internalizing; EXT, Externalizing; HOPE, Hopelessness; RES, Resilience