Table 2.
Correlation analysis results for the total sample
| Variable | Total sample (N = 4070) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | Paired correlation difference test (PIU-PSU) | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ||
| 1. PIU | – | |||||||
| 2. PSU | 0.298*** | – | T | p | ||||
| 3. Externalizing | 0.344*** | 0.230*** | 6.541 | < 0.001 | – | |||
| 4. Internalizing | 0.275*** | 0.200*** | 4.208 | < 0.001 | 0.416*** | – | ||
| 5. FoMO | 0.206*** | 0.308*** | − 5.775 | < 0.001 | 0.247*** | 0.238*** | – | |
| 6. Resilience | − 0.244*** | − 0.076*** | − 9.298 | < 0.001 | − 0.405*** | − 0.405*** | − 0.094*** | – |
| 7. Hopelessness | 0.262*** | 0.149*** | 6.292 | < 0.001 | 0.321*** | 0.423*** | 0.176*** | − 0.426*** |
PIU, problematic internet use; PSU, problematic smartphone use; FoMO, fear of missing out
***p < 0.001