This maximum likelihood tree generated in IQ-tree includes publicly available TPS genes related to the nine E. caribaeorum TPSs. The numbers at branch points are the SH-aLRT support / ultrafast bootstrap support, in percent. The scale bar is expected number of substitutions per site. Octocorals show a highly diverse array of TPS genes, spanning nine clades that are widely distributed amongst octocoral orders and families. An additional single clade comprises related TPS genes from sponges, hexacorals, octocorals, and Symbiodinium spp. dinoflagellates, and therefore it is attributed to dinoflagellate symbionts in these animals. The dinoflagellate clade is very distantly related to the coral clade (see Extended Data Fig. 7).