TABLE 3.
Crude and adjusted model of the association between tinnitus annoyance and the NFR
| β | 95% CI (for β) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Crude model | |||
| No tinnitus | 0 | <0.001 | |
| Tinnitus annoyance 0–20 | 7.2 | 1.9 to 12.5 | |
| Tinnitus annoyance 21–40 | 10.8 | 4.2 to 17.3 | |
| Tinnitus annoyance 41–60 | 10.9 | 3.8 to 18.0 | |
| Tinnitus annoyance 61–100 | 13.5 | 6.4 to 20.6 | |
| Adjusted model* | |||
| No tinnitus | 0 | 0.79 | |
| Tinnitus annoyance 0–20 | −1.2 | −9.0 to 6.5 | |
| Tinnitus annoyance 20–40 | 4.0 | −4.2 to 12.1 | |
| Tinnitus annoyance 40–60 | 2.8 | −4.7 to 10.4 | |
| Tinnitus annoyance 60–100 | −0.1 | −7.7 to 7.6 | |
| Distress | 2.4 | 2.1 to 2.8 | <0.001 |
| Somatization | 0.8 | 0.5 to 1.2 | <0.001 |
| Depression | −1.4 | −2.7 to −0.1 | 0.038 |
| AIADH | 0.17 | 0.05 to 0.29 | 0.007 |
| Speech recognition in noise (SRT) | 0.46 | −0.25 to 1.20 | 0.13 |
| Tinnitus annoyance† SRT | 0.20 | ||
| Tinnitus annoyance 0–20† SRT | −0.9 | −2.2 to 0.3 | |
| Tinnitus annoyance 20–40† SRT | −0.1 | −1.5 to 1.3 | |
| Tinnitus annoyance 40–60† SRT | 0.0 | −1.3 to 1.3 | |
| Tinnitus annoyance 60–100† SRT | 1.1 | −0.3 to 2.5 |
The effect size is the regression coefficient in NFR percentage. β is the regression coefficient of the independent variable.
*
Adjusted Model is corrected for the effect modifier speech reception threshold and the confounders distress, somatization, and AIADH.
†
An interaction with effect modifier SRT.
AIADH indicates Amsterdam Inventory for Auditory Disability and Handicap (self-reported hearing disability score); CI, confidence interval; NFR, need for recovery; SRT, speech reception threshold.