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. 2023 Jun 13;11:100310. doi: 10.1016/j.chbr.2023.100310

Table 3.

Background of each participating group.

Group of participating students based on the answering channel Background
Students answering at the Burmese refugee camps
  • Major financial issues due to fleeing from their home country

  • Low language proficiency, sometimes in all the spoken languages (Burmese, Shan, Thai, English)

  • Low writing proficiency, sometimes no writing proficiency in major language spoken (e.g. Shan)

  • Very limited access to IT (no access to computers, or shared device between several family members, or have access to old/inefficient devices.

  • No mobile internet signal (in most areas of the refugee camps)

Students answering by assisted telephone calls
  • No access to IT resources (computers and Internet)

  • Low IT skills/digital literacy

  • No reading and/or writing proficiency in one of the two languages Burmese or Shan

Students answering by online survey
  • Sufficient access to IT resources (device, skills, connection)

  • Sufficient language and reading/writing skills in Burmese or Shan language