Table 2.
Characteristics of participants by infection status and recovery status trajectory between 6 and 12 months
| Never infected N = 11,026 |
Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constant recovery status N = 9839 |
Deteriorated recovery status N = 1497 |
Improved recovery status N = 1611 |
P value* | ||
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | ||
| Age (years) | 52 (39–61) | 51 (38–60) | 50 (37–59) | 50 (37–59) | 0.117 |
| Sex | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |
| Female | 6441 (58.4) | 6259 (63.6) | 1015 (67.8) | 1123 (69.7) | <0.001 |
| Male | 4585 (41.6) | 3580 (36.4) | 482 (32.2) | 488 (30.3) | |
| SIMD | |||||
| 1 (most deprived) | 2257 (20.5) | 2040 (20.7) | 366 (24.5) | 332 (20.6) | 0.001 |
| 2 | 2248 (20.4) | 2016 (20.5) | 333 (22.2) | 347 (21.5) | |
| 3 | 2127 (19.3) | 1822 (18.5) | 251 (16.8) | 316 (19.6) | |
| 4 | 2164 (19.6) | 1921 (19.5) | 298 (19.9) | 315 (19.6) | |
| 5 (least deprived) | 2230 (20.2) | 2040 (20.7) | 249 (16.6) | 301 (18.7) | |
| Ethnic group | |||||
| White | 10,200 (92.5) | 9343 (95.0) | 1424 (95.1) | 1537 (95.4) | 0.694 |
| South Asian | 141 (1.28) | 110 (1.12) | 20 (1.34) | Not disclosed | |
| Black | 48 (0.44) | 32 (0.33) | Not disclosed | Not disclosed | |
| Other | 176 (1.60) | 110 (1.12) | Not disclosed | 19 (1.18) | |
| Missing | 461 (4.18) | 244 (2.48) | 35 (2.34) | 38 (2.36) | |
| Number of pre-existing health conditions | |||||
| 0 | 6870 (62.3) | 6619 (67.3) | 969 (64.5) | 1028 (63.8) | 0.002 |
| 1 | 1602 (14.5) | 1427 (14.5) | 215 (14.4) | 250 (15.5) | |
| 2–3 | 1938 (17.6) | 1442 (14.7) | 231 (15.4) | 260 (16.1) | |
| ≥4 | 616 (5.59) | 351 (3.57) | 82 (5.48) | 73 (4.53) | |
| Pre-existing health conditions | |||||
| Arthritis | 1006 (9.12) | 712 (7.24) | 146 (9.75) | 154 (9.56) | <0.001 |
| Asthma, bronchitis, COPD | 2740 (24.9) | 2217 (22.5) | 379 (25.3) | 409 (25.4) | 0.005 |
| Cancer | 269 (2.44) | 133 (1.35) | 21 (1.40) | 24 (1.49) | 0.903 |
| CHD | 514 (4.66) | 358 (3.64) | 62 (4.14) | 66 (4.10) | 0.470 |
| Cystic fibrosis | Not disclosed | Not disclosed | Not disclosed | Not disclosed | 0.570 |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 57 (0.52) | 37 (0.38) | 10 (0.67) | Not disclosed | 0.091 |
| Depression/anxiety | 5322 (48.3) | 4272 (43.4) | 774 (51.7) | 793 (49.2) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 743 (6.74) | 535 (5.44) | 92 (6.15) | 93 (5.77) | 0.497 |
| High blood pressure | 1399 (12.7) | 1090 (11.1) | 190 (12.7) | 196 (12.2) | 0.110 |
| HIV | 20 (0.18) | Not disclosed | Not disclosed | Not disclosed | 0.325 |
| Home oxygen | Not disclosed | Not disclosed | Not disclosed | Not disclosed | 0.018 |
| Kidney disease | 88 (0.80) | 72 (0.73) | 12 (0.80) | 15 (0.93) | 0.685 |
| Liver disease | 81 (0.73) | 33 (0.34) | 10 (0.67) | Not disclosed | 0.146 |
| Neurological condition | 342 (3.10) | 229 (2.33) | 35 (2.34) | 38 (2.36) | 0.997 |
| Overweight | 1271 (11.5) | 978 (9.94) | 161 (10.8) | 188 (11.7) | 0.083 |
| Obese | 509 (4.62) | 336 (3.41) | 52 (3.47) | 59 (3.66) | 0.880 |
| Pulmonary embolism | 56 (0.51) | 36 (0.37) | Not disclosed | Not disclosed | 0.138 |
| Pulmonary fibrosis | 18 (0.16) | Not disclosed | Not disclosed | Not disclosed | 0.189 |
| Stroke | 125 (1.13) | 92 (0.94) | 17 (1.14) | 15 (0.93) | 0.754 |
| Vaccinated | |||||
| No | 9491 (86.1) | 6423 (65.3) | 1012 (67.6) | 1129 (70.1) | 0.002 |
| 1 dose | 536 (4.86) | 606 (6.16) | 97 (6.48) | 90 (5.59) | |
| ≥2 doses | 999 (9.06) | 2810 (28.6) | 388 (25.9) | 392 (24.3) | |
| Variant period | |||||
| Pre VOC | 3840 (34.8) | 2738 (27.8) | 407 (27.2) | 450 (27.9) | 0.004 |
| No dominant (1) | 4824 (43.8) | 2801 (28.5) | 484 (32.3) | 511 (31.7) | |
| Alpha | 1013 (9.19) | 495 (5.03) | 72 (4.81) | 93 (5.77) | |
| No dominant (2) | 230 (2.09) | 245 (2.49) | Not disclosed | Not disclosed | |
| Delta | 1102 (9.99) | 3528 (35.9) | 496 (33.1) | 530 (32.9) | |
| No dominant (3) | 17 (0.15) | 32 (0.33) | Not disclosed | Not disclosed | |
Value is not disclosed if <10, or the number in a group <10 can be calculated from other values.
IQR inter-quartile range, N number, SIMD Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CHD coronary heart disease, HIV human immunodeficiency virus, VOC variant of concern.
*Comparison of the three trajectories among those with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. Kruskal Wallis test for continuous variables, Chi2 test for categorical variables. All statistical tests are two-sided.