Table 2. Baseline anthropometric measurements and laboratory data of patients undergoing intermittent fasting (IF) and low-carbohydrate (low-carb) diet (group I) and ad libitum food intake (control, group II).
| Group I (n=240) (IF and low-carb diet) |
Group II (n=245) (Ad libitum control) |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Weight (Kg) | 73.52 ± 14.28 | 73.71 ± 11.94 | 0.869 |
| Height (cm) | 1.67 ± 0.10 | 1.66 ± 0.08 | 0.563 |
| BMI, (Kg/m2) | 26.44 ± 4.90 | 26.72 ± 3.45 | 0.470 |
| Waist circumference(cm) | 98.72 ± 9.64 | 99.09 ± 7.04 | 0.626 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 103.5 ± 7.96 | 103.6 ± 7.09 | 0.905 |
| Waist-hip ratio | 0.952 ± 0.04 | 0.955 ± 0.02 | 0.203 |
| Body fat (%) | 27.11 ± 5.31 | 26.67 ± 4.41 | 0.318 |
| Skeletal muscle (%) | 28.28 ± 2.13 | 28.06 ± 1.42 | 0.166 |
| Visceral fat (%) | 16.27 ± 0.46 | 16.32 ± 0.51 | 0.275 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 133.0 ± 13.1 | 131.8 ± 12.1 | 0.303 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 78.39 ± 10.5 | 77.71 ± 10.0 | 0.467 |
| Heart rate, (bpm) | 75.3 ± 13.2 | 77.33 ± 11.8 | 0.091 |
| LVEF, (%) | 62.45 ± 3.36 | 62.88 ± 4.20 | 0.213 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 114.9 ± 3.07 | 115.2 ± 2.78 | 0.208 |
| 2-h post prandial plasma glucose (mg/dl) (mmol/L) | 164.4 ± 14.8 | 162.8 ± 17.7 | 0.288 |
| HbA1c % | 5.98 ± 0.24 | 6.01 ± 0.23 | 0.306 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 12.39 ± 0.73 | 12.33 ± 0.74 | 0.429 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 216.9 ± 38.8 | 213.0 ± 37.3 | 0.262 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 156.8 ± 18.5 | 154.6 ± 11.1 | 0.109 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 134.1 ± 24.5 | 136.6 ± 25.5 | 0.277 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 44.7 ± 6.90 | 45.1 ± 7.32 | 0.502 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.03 ± 0.21 | 1.02 ± 0.14 | 0.980 |
| e-GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 94.1 ± 17.9 | 93.2 ± 10.6 | 0.515 |
| Albuminuria (mg/g) | 29.14 ± 4.82 | 28.88 ± 5.01 | 0.561 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 3.55 ± 1.66 | 3.67 ± 1.35 | 0.384 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.78 ± 1.19 | 5.84 ± 0.57 | 0.494 |
| Serum troponin I (ng/mL) | 0.031 ± 0.01 | 0.031 ± 0.02 | 0.740 |
| Ankle brachial index | 1.07 ± 0.15 | 1.04 ± 0.14 | 0.083 |
| Carotid IMT (mm) | 0.97 ± 0.11 | 0.99 ± 0.10 | 0.103 |
BMI: body mass index; BP: blood pressure; LVEF: left ventricle ejection fraction; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; TG: triglyceride; LDL: low density lipoprotein; HDL: high density lipoprotein; e-GFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; CRP: C - reactive protein; IMT: intima media thickness; BP: blood pressure.