Table 5.
ACCs with necrosis exhibited aggressive clinico-pathologic features
| Total cohort (n = 79) | R0 patients (n = 44) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable |
Absence necrosis (n = 18) |
Presence necrosis (n = 61) |
p (χ2) | Absence necrosis (n = 13) | Presence necrosis (n = 31) | p (χ2) |
| Age | 46.8 ± 16.9 | 46.9 ± 14.6 | 0.444 | 47.9 ± 15.4 | 49.6 ± 13.2 | 0.720 |
| Sex (F:M) | 11:7 | 41:20 | 0.631 (0.230) | 7:6 | 19:12 | 0.647 (0.210) |
| Secretion | 0.139 (6.9) | 0.441 (3.7) | ||||
| N | 7 | 21 | 5 | 6 | ||
| GC | 4 | 28 | 3 | 10 | ||
| A | 5 | 9 | 3 | 6 | ||
| MC | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
| NA | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Tumor size (cm) | 7.3 ± 6.5 | 12.4 ± 5.2 | < 0.001 | 7.2 ± 7.5 | 12.0 ± 5.2 | 0.020 |
| Stage | < 0.001 (23.3) | < 0.001 (19.3) | ||||
| I | 9 | 3 | 8 | 1 | ||
| II | 6 | 24 | 3 | 16 | ||
| III | 2 | 18 | 2 | 12 | ||
| IV | 1 | 16 | 0 | 2 | ||
| Total Weiss score | 4.2 ± 1.3 | 6.7 ± 1.4 | < 0.001 | 4.3 ± 1.4 | 6.4 ± 1.3 | < 0.001 |
| Ki67 LI | 8.6 ± 6.6 | 31.6 ± 26.5 | < 0.001 | 11.1 ± 11.2 | 27.4 ± 23.5 | 0.003 |
| RMS | 0.037 (4.3) | - | - | - | ||
| R0 | 13 | 31 | ||||
| R1 | 2 | 23 | ||||
| NA | 3 | 8 | ||||
| Recurrence | < 0.001 (21.2) | 0.001 (10.6) | ||||
| N | 17 | 20 | 13 | 15 | ||
| Y | 1 | 41 | 0 | 16 | ||
| Death | 0.002 (9.7) | 0.029 (4.7) | ||||
| N | 17 | 33 | 13 | 22 | ||
| Y | 1 | 28 | 0 | 9 | ||
| TtS (months) | 57.5 [31.5–103.5] | 34 [12–78] | 0.050 | 56 [37–95] | 42 [22–88] | 0.418 |
| TtR (months) | 57.5 [31.5–103.5] | 7 [1.0–31.5] | < 0.001 | 56 [37–95] | 25 [4–70] | 0.013 |
| Dichotomized tumor size (cut-off 6 cm) | < 0.001 (24.1) | < 0.001 (16.4) | ||||
| < | 11 | 5 | 9 | 3 | ||
| ≥ | 7 | 56 | 4 | 28 | ||
| Tumor stage | 0.012 (6.2) | 0.060 (3.5) | ||||
| I–II | 15 | 27 | 11 | 17 | ||
| III–IV | 3 | 34 | 2 | 14 | ||
| Dichotomized Weiss score (cut-off 6) | < 0.001 (21.8) | < 0.001 (11.4) | ||||
| < | 15 | 14 | 10 | 7 | ||
| ≥ | 3 | 47 | 3 | 24 | ||
Data are expressed as mean ± SD and frequency for continuous and categorical variables, respectively; TtS and TtR are expressed as median [interquartile]; p values are indicated (significant in italics) for Student’s t-test analysis for continuous parametric variables, U Mann–Whitney test for continuous non-parametric or for χ2 test (in brackets) for categorical variables
NS non-secreting, GC glucocorticoids, A androgens, MC mineralocorticoids, NA not available, LI labeling index, RMS resection margin status, N no, Y yes, TtS time to survival (TtS), TtR time to recurrence