Table 1.
Basic characteristics of the included studies
| References | Region | Study design | Diagnosis | Sample size | Intervention | Combined therapies | Timing with combined therapies |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Al-Shouli et al. [21] | Saudi Arabia | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | Supportive therapy | – |
| Ao et al. [22] | China | Cohort study | SJS, SJS-TEN overlap, TEN | 15 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids | Combined |
| Bakir et al. [23] | Saudi Arabia | Case report | TEN | 1 | Etanercept | – | – |
| Burduk et al. [24] | Poland | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | – | – |
| Cardenas et al. [25] | USA | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | IVIG + supportive therapy | After |
| Chafranska et al. [26] | Denmark | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | Supportive therapy | – |
| Chahal et al. [27] | USA | Case report | TEN | 1 | Etanercept | Supportive therapy | – |
| Choi et al. [28] | USA | Case report | TEN | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids | Combined |
| Chong et al. [29] | USA | Case report | SJS-TEN overlap | 1 | Etanercept | Supportive therapy | – |
| Coulombe et al. [30] | Canada | Case report | EN | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids | Combined |
| Didona et al. [31] | Italy | Case report | TEN | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids | Combined |
| Dreyer et al. [32] | USA | Cohort study | SJS, SJS-TEN overlap, TEN | 13 | Etanercept | None or IVIG | Combined |
| Eliades et al. [33] | USA | Case series | SJS, SJS-TEN overlap, TEN | 4 | Etanercept | – | – |
| Estébanez et al. [34] | Spain | Case report | TEN | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids + IVIG | After |
| Famularo et al. [35] | Italy | Case report | TEN | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids | After |
| Faris et al. [36] | USA | Case report | TEN | 3 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids | After |
| Fischer et al. [37] | Germany | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | – | – |
| Frederiks et al. [38] | Australia | Case series | TEN | 4 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids + IVIG | Combined |
| Gaitanis et al. [39] | Greece | Case report | TEN | 3 | Infliximab | Corticosteroids + IVIG + supportive therapy | Combined |
| Gavigan et al. [40] | Canada | Case report | SJS-TEN overlap | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids | Combined |
| Gubinelli et al. [41] | Italy | Case report | TEN | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids + Supportive therapy | Combined |
| Hunger et al. [42] | Switzerland | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | – | – |
| Jiang et al. [43] | China | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | Corticosteroids + supportive therapy | After |
| Kherlopian et al. [12] | Australia | Case series | TEN | 4 | Adalimumab | – | – |
| Kreft et al. [45] | Germany | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | Corticosteroids | After |
| Kreft et al. [44] | Germany | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | Corticosteroids + IVIG | After |
| Kumar and Bhandari [80] | USA | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | Corticosteroids | After |
| Lee et al. [47] | Taiwan | Case report | TEN | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids | After |
| López-Gómez et al. [48] | Spain | Case report | SJS-TEN overlap | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids | Combined |
| Maximova et al. [49] | Italy | Case report | TEN | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids + IVIG | Combined |
| Natsis et al. [50] | USA | Case report | TEN | 1 | Etanercept | – | – |
| Osawa et al. [51] | Japan | Case report | TEN | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids + IVIG | Combined |
| Paquet et al. [52] | Belgium | RCT | TEN | 4 | Infliximab | N-acetylcysteine | Combined |
| Paradisi et al. [11] | Italy | Case series | TEN | 10 | Etanercept | Supportive therapy | – |
| Paradisi et al. [53] | Italy | Case series | TEN | 17 | Etanercept | Supportive therapy | – |
| Patmanidis et al. [54] | Greece | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | Corticosteroids + supportive therapy | Combined |
| Pham et al. [55] | USA | Case series | TEN | 13 | Etanercept | – | – |
| Plant et al. [56] | UK | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | IVIG + supportive therapy | After |
| Scott-Lang et al. [57] | Scotland | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | IVIG + supportive therapy | Combined |
| Scott-Lang et al. [58] | Scotland | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | IVIG + supportive therapy | Combined |
| Shen et al. [59] | China | Case report | TEN | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids | After |
| Sibbald et al. [60] | USA | Cohort study | TEN | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids + IVIG | Combined |
| Tian et al. [61] | China | Cohort study | SJS, SJS-TEN overlap, TEN | 11 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids + IVIG | Combined |
| Torres‐Navarro et al. [62] | Spain | Cohort study | SJS, SJS-TEN overlap, TEN | 4 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids + IVIG | Combined |
| Vivar et al. [63] | USA | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | Corticosteroids + IVIG | Combined |
| Wallenborn et al. [64] | Germany | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | Corticosteroids | After |
| Wang et al. [65] | China | RCT | SJS, SJS-TEN overlap, TEN | 48 | Etanercept | – | – |
| Wang et al. [66] | China | Case report | SJS | 1 | Etanercept | IVIG | Combined |
| Wang et al. [67] | China | Case report | SJS-TEN overlap | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids + IVIG | Combined |
| Wojtkiewicz et al. [68] | Poland | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | Corticosteroids + supportive therapy | Combined |
| Worsnopet al. [69] | UK | Case report | TEN | 1 | Infliximab | IVIG | After |
| Zander et al. [70] | USA | Case report | TEN | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids + supportive therapy | Combined |
| Zárate-Correa et al. [13] | Colombia | Case report | TEN | 4 | Infliximab | IVIG + supportive therapy | Combined |
| Zhang et al. [71] | China | Case report | TEN | 1 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids + IVIG | Combined |
| Zhang et al. [72] | China | Cohort study | SJS, SJS-TEN overlap, TEN | 242 | Etanercept | Corticosteroids | Combined |
IVIG intravenous immunoglobulin, RCT randomized controlled trials, SJS Stevens–Johnson syndrome, TEN toxic epidermal necrolysis