Table 3.
Intervention-Related Changes in Secondary (Functional Neuroplasticity) and Additional Outcome Measures
| Intervention-related change: Social dancing vs. treadmill walking |
|
|---|---|
| Outcomes | Estimate; SE [95% CI] |
|
| |
| Secondary outcomes (functional neuroplasticity) | |
| Imagery of walking while talking | 58.22; 51.20 [−42.14, 158.58] |
| Flanker interference | 24.60; 28.47 [−31.20, 80.40] |
| Digit symbol substitution | 166.16; 202.70 [−231.12, 563.44] |
| Additional outcomes (structural neuroplasticity) | |
| White matter lesion volume | −0.50; 0.82 [−2.11, 1.10] |
| White matter lesion number | −2.31; 4.45 [−11.05, 6.42] |
| Hippocampal volume (left hemisphere) | 34.16; 51.96 [−67.67, 135.99] |
| Hippocampal volume (right hemisphere) | 272.76; 109.42 [58.29, 487.22]* |
| Additional outcomes (mood; physical function) | |
| Geriatric depression score | 1.08; 1.11 [−1.30, 3.46] |
| Unipedal stance | 0.57; 5.91 [−13.40, 14.55] |
| Normal pace walking (velocity) | 7.27; 8.57 [−11.60, 26.14] |
| CHAMPS all physical activity | 0.33; 4.54 [−9.57, 10.22] |
| CHAMPS moderate physical activity | 0.77; 2.70 [−5.10, 6.64] |
Note. CHAMPS = Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors; CI = confidence interval.
Estimate statistically significant with a p < .05.