Table 1.

The advantages of EVs as delivery systems

Characteristic	EVs	Liposome	Polymer
Size	40–100 nm	25–1000 nm	50–1000 nm
Source	Natural cells	Liposome synthesis	Chemical synthesis
Structure	Phospholipid bilayer	Double‐layer membrane	Polymerization
Composition	Proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids	Fat‐soluble molecules	Polymers
Toxicity	Low	Low	High
Stability	High	Low	High
Efficiency	High	Middle	High
Immunogenicity	Low	Middle	High
Targeting capacity	Inherent/modifiable	Modifiable	Modifiable
Application	Not available	Available	Available
Limitation	Low yield and absence of clinical evaluations	Low stability and Limitation of encapsulation	Potential toxicity and Potential immunogenicity
Recommendation	Establishing standards and optimizing processes	Compound liposome	Improvement of materials and methods