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. 2023 May 11;24(6):2706–2720. doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00156

Figure 9.

Figure 9

(A–D) Potential energy versus strain at different degrees of ring opening (RO) and water content. The contributions are bond vibrations, molecular bending (Urey–Bradley), improper dihedral torsions, Lennard-Jones (LJ) contributions, and Coulomb interactions.