Table 3.
The role and mechanism of circRNAs that are involved in multiple atherosclerotic risk factors.
| CircRNAs | Axis | Function | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|
| circRNA_ABCA1 | miR-140-3p/HMGCR and HMGCS1 axis | Increased cholesterol synthesis | 119, 120 |
| miR-140-3p/MAP2K6 axis | Increased vascular endothelial injury | 119, 120, 130, 131 | |
| circUGGT2 | miR-140-3p/HMGCR and HMGCS1 axis | Increased cholesterol synthesis | 120, 130, 131 |
| miR-140-3p/MAP2K6 axis | Increased vascular endothelial injury | 119, 120, 130, 131 | |
| miR-186-3p/ABCA1 axis | Increased cholesterol efflux | 133 | |
| circEZH2 | miR-133b/SQLE axis | Increased cholesterol synthesis | 142-144 |
| miR-217-5p/KLF5/DHCR24 axis | Increased cholesterol synthesis | 226, 227 | |
| miR-378b/CD36 axis | Increased cholesterol uptake | 145 | |
| LPL, FADS1 and SCD1 | Increased fatty acid uptake | 145 | |
| circRNA-SCAP | miR-221-5p/SQLE axis | Increased cholesterol synthesis | 154, 155 |
| miR-221-5p/PDE3B axis | Promoted lipid deposition, apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress | 154 | |
| circRNA-XPO4 | miR-221-5p/SQLE axis | Increased cholesterol synthesis | 155, 156 |
| miR-221-5p/PDE3B axis | Promoted lipid deposition, apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress | 154-156 | |
| circ-PRMT5 | miR-188-5p/HMGCS1 axis | Increased cholesterol synthesis | 157, 158 |
| miR-203/Ets2 axis | Increased intraplaque proinflammatory phenotype | 162 | |
| miR-377/DNMT1/LPL/GPIHBP1 axis | Increased triglyceride metabolism | 161, 163, 164 | |
| miR-145/ABCA1 axis | Increased cholesterol efflux | 125, 165, 166 | |
| circ-HMGCS1 | miR-34a-5p/ACSL1 axis | Promoted lipid synthesis but suppressed lipid accumulation | 171, 175 |
| miR-34a-5p/ATGL axis | Promoted lipolysis | 171, 176 | |
| miR-34a-5p/ADAM10 axis | Increased cholesterol efflux | 171, 177 | |
| miR-581/ABCG1 axis | Increased cholesterol efflux | 172, 178 | |
| miR-503-5p/smurf1, smurf2, Smad7 axis | Suppressed proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules level | 173, 179 | |
| hsa_circ_0072387 | miR-141-3p/YWHAG and PTEN axis | Increased triglyceride and cholesterol synthesis | 196, 198 |
| miR-503-5p/smurf1, smurf2, Smad7 axis | Suppressed proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules level | 179, 197 | |
| circCYP51 | miR-494-3p/PTEN axis | Suppressed cholesterol synthesis | 198, 216, 218, 219 |
| miR-494-3p/Wnt axis | Suppressed proinflammatory macrophage polarization | 216, 217 | |
| circPTK2 | miR-892b/DHCR24 axis | Increased cholesterol synthesis | 220 |
| miR-1278/IL-22 and CXCL14 axis | Promoted cardiomyocytes inflammation | 221, 224 | |
| miR-758-3p/ABCA1 axis | Increased cholesterol efflux | 223, 225 |