Figure 2.

The crosstalk between ferroptosis and other cellular processes of DKD. The overproduction of ROS leads to different kinds of downstream impairments, including ferroptosis. Meanwhile, the Fenton reaction containing excess free iron is one of the main pathways to produce ROS. Ferroptosis and inflammation can affect each other and tend to form an autoamplification loop. In mitochondria, the opening of VDACs plays a key role in mitochondrial dysfunction during ferroptosis, and multiple metabolic enzymes are influenced by ferroptosis.