PBC	Primary biliary cirrhosis
UDCA	Ursodeoxycholic acid
OCA	Obeticholic acid
FDA	Food and Drug Administration
DCs	Dendritic cells
NK	Natural killer
NKT	Natural killer T
AMA	Antimitochondrial antibodies
Ig	Immunoglobulin
IL-6	Interleukin-6
IL-10	Interleukin-10
IFN-γ	Interferon-γ
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor-α
ALP	Alkaline phosphatase
BAFF	B-cell -activating factor
BCR	B-cell receptor
ANA	Antinuclear antibody
MAIT	Mucosal-associated invariant T
TGF-β1	Transforming growth factor-β1
NF-κB	Nuclear factor-κB
RA	Rheumatoid arthritis
BECs	Biliary epithelial cells
PLGA	Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid
PMHCII	Peptide-major histocompatibility complex class II
TR1	Regulatory type 1
PDC-E2	E2 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
AIH	Autoimmune hepatitis
CAR	Chimeric antigen receptor
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
CTLA-4	Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4
Cyr61	Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61
Pss	Primary Sjögren syndrome, HSCs, Hepatic stellate cells
MC	Mast cell
ICOS	Inducible co-stimulator
PD-1	Programmed death-1
BD	Bile duct
BAs	Bile acids
HiBEC	Human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cell
APCs	Antigen-presenting cells
MSCs	Mesenchymal stem cells
BM-MSC	Bone marrow-MSC
UC-MSCs	Umbilical cord–derived MSCs
2OA-BSA	2-Octynoic acid coupled to bovine serum albumin
3D	3-dimensional
CXCR3	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3
IP-10	Inducible protein-10
FKN	Fractalkine
GC	Germinal center
Sirt1	Sirtuin-1
NRs	Nuclear receptors
LT	Liver transplant
FXR	Farnesoid X receptor
PXR	Pregnane X receptor
PPARα	Peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor alpha
CAR	Constitutive androstane receptor
VDR	Vitamin D3 receptor;TGR5, Takeda G protein receptor 5
S1PR2	Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2
TXR	Tropifexor
FMT	Fecal microbiota transplantation
CFTR	Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
SR	Secretin receptor
AE2	Anion exchanger protein 2
NOX	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase
LOXL2	Lysyl oxidase-like protein 2
NADPH	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. ncRNAs, Non-coding RNAs
miRNAs	Small non-coding RNAs
siRNA	Small interfering RNAs
scRNA-seq	Single-cell RNA sequencing
ST	Spatial transcriptomic
RIPK	Receptor interacting protein kinase