Table 3.

The Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) assessment tool

Author	Year	Bias due to confounding	Bias in selection of participants into the study	Bias in classification of interventions	Bias due to deviations from intended interventions	Bias due to missing data	Bias in measurement of outcomes	Bias in selection of the reported result	Overall bias
Fierz J et al	2013	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Aimaijang Y et al	2015	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Schweyen R et al	2016	Low	Low	Low	Low	Moderate	Moderate	Low	Low
Karayazgan Saracoglu BK et al	2017	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Kalaignan P et al	2018	High	High	Cannot be specified	Moderate	Moderate	High	High	High
Sato et al	2019	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low