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. 2023 May 4;48(8):1234–1244. doi: 10.1038/s41386-023-01581-9

Fig. 4. BNST is not required for the expression of two-way avoidance in FEMALE rats.

Fig. 4

A Female subjects received intra-BNST infusions of AAV bearing the gene construct for either the hM4Di DREADD or GFP and allowed to recover. Following recovery, subjects underwent 4 days SAA training prior to a pair of tests under training conditions, preceded by either CNO or vehicle. B SAA training data. C Avoidance responses at test: CNO had no effect on the expression of the two-way avoidance response. D Avoidance latencies at test: CNO had no effect on the latency to avoid. E Avoidance responses normalized to vehicle in male and female subjects expressing hM4Di in BNST compared to a combined male/female BNST GFP group. CNO decreased the expression of avoidance in the male-hM4Di group relative to the female-hM4Di group (# signifies p < 0.05) and the combined GFP group (* signifies p < 0.01). F Shuttles during acclimation in male subjects (see Fig. 2) at test: CNO decreased shuttling in hM4Di but not GFP subjects (* signifies p < 0.01). G Shuttles during acclimation in female subjects at test: CNO decreased shuttling in hM4Di but not GFP subjects (* signifies p < 0.01). H Shuttles during acclimation normalized to vehicle in male and female subjects expressing hM4Di in BNST compared to a combined male/female BNST GFP group. CNO decreased shuttling during acclimation in the male-hM4Di and female-hM4Di groups compared to the combined GFP group (# signifies p < 0.05). All graphs depict mean (±SEM).