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. 2023 Jun 7;14(3):100720. doi: 10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100720

Table 1.

Summary of findings from 12 studies.

Serial No. Reference Study design Treatment Outcome
1. A.S Mahal et al., 1976 Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial 4 groups, 27 subjects in each group n = 108 Single drug + polyherbal formulation: Tagara-8gm Brahmyadi yoga-8gm, Placebo- 8 gm, Chlorpromazine-200mg. 2nd month- 12 gm for 3 groups, CPZ,300 mg- control group Duration-2 months Brahmyadiyoga is significantly more effective in reducing the mental symptoms than Tagara and Placebo. But it was not effective than CPZ
2. M G Ramu et al., 1983 Single arm clinical trial (Pilot study) n = 14 Polyherbal formulation: Brahmyadi yoga 8-16 gm, Duration-3 months 11 out of 14 patients showed improvement in Psychiatric symptom rating scale
3. S. C. Dash, S. N. Tripathi and R. H. Singh, 1983 Single arm clinical trial n = 16 Polyherbal formulation: Decoction- 50 ml in 2 divided doses (12 gm of Shankhapushpi Jatamamsi Brahmi Ashwagandha Vacha) Duration- 6 weeks Drug has potential effect on psychosis noted in Psychotic symptom grading scale and can be used for longer duration without side effects
4. M.D. Parikh et al., 1984 Non-Randomized clinical trial n = 39 (a = 17 refractory schizophrenia, b = 22 Untreated cases) Polyherbal formulation: Tablet GK022 Group A- 2 BD increased to 5 TDS + Antipsychotic treatment; Group B- 3 QDS increased to 6 QDS Duration- 6 weeks The drug was found to be effective in group A showing reduction in BPRS. Result of group B was also equally encouraging.
5. Ramu MG et al., 1992 Randomized clinical trial n = 36 (Trial-18, Control-18) Purificatory procedure + polyherbal formulation: Trial-Ayurveda Purificatory procedure + Palliative care Control- CPZ 300–600 mg, Tab THP 2 mg, Inj/Tab Diazepam sos Duration- 28 days Significant improvement on neurocognitive tests. The two groups did not significantly differ in the final assessment on any of the tests indicates that the Ayurvedic treatment was almost as effective as the CPZ treatment.
6. J.S. Tripathi and R.H. Singh 1993 Non- randomized clinical trial n = 30 Herbomineral compound: Smriti sagara rasa 250 mg thrice a day with honey Duration-3 months Smrti sagara rasa is a safe and moderately effective indigenous remedy for residual schizophrenia
7. Onkar Chaudhari, S. Gupta and R. H. Singh 2002 Non- randomized clinical trial n = 64 Herbomineral compound:
  • A.

    Unmada gaja kesari rasa (125 mg 1cap. TID)-22

  • B.

    Unmada gaja kesari rasa +

  • Conventional treatment-17

  • C.

    Conventional

  • Treatment-10

  • Duration- 3 months

 Unmada gaja kesari rasa showed sustained relief on the negative symptom score of PANSS and general psychopathology score and on the total PANSS score while the impact on positive symptoms were insignificant.
8. B·C.S. Rao et al., 2011 Non- randomized clinical trial n = 27 Polyherbal formulation: Brahmyadi yoga-500mg 2 TID Duration-6 months Reduction in BPRS, SANS and SAPS. Brahmyadi yoga can be used as safe and effective add on.
9. Sukanto Sarkar 2012 Case report Single herb: Brahmi tablet 250 mg 1 BD Duration- 1 month Add-on Brahmi to olanzapine in a case of paranoid schizophrenia resulted in improvement in psychopathologywithout any treatment emergent adverse effect.
10. Kshama Gupta, Prasad Mamidi 2016 Case report (2 cases) Purificatory procedure + polyherbal formulation: Ayurveda purificatory procedure + Palliative care Case 1–6 weeks, Case 2–8 weeks Ayurvedic panchakarma procedures followed by polyherbal formulations resulted in symptom improvement in ‘Undifferentiated type of schizophrenia’
11. K N Roy Chengappa et al., 2018 Randomized double-blind Placebo controlled study n = 66 (trial-33, control-33) Single drug extract: WSE extract 1000 mg/day Duration-12 weeks A standardized extract of Withania somnifera when added adjunctively provides benefits for negative, general psychopathology, total symptoms and stress.
12. Jessica M. Gannon et al., 2019 Randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial n = 66 (trial-33, control-33) Single drug extract: WSE extract 1000 mg/day Duration-12 weeks Withania somnifera extract showed significant improvement in anxiety-depression symptoms in schizophrenia compared to control group.