Figure 2. Depletion of GDH1 in the mouse intestine impairs colorectal cancer formation.

• A
  Identification of GDH1 knockout (KO) in mouse intestines by PCR.
• B
  Identification of GDH1 KO in mouse intestines by immunohistochemistry (IHC).
• C–E
  The AOM/DSS‐induced inflammatory cancer switch was reduced by the loss of GDH1. (C) Tumor burden (n = 6). (D) Tumor appearance. (E) H&E staining of colon cancer tumors from GDH1^IEC+/+ and GDH1^IEC−/− mice (scale bar, 200 μm).
• F
  F4/80 staining in a noninflamed portion of the colon after AMO/DSS treatment (scale bar, 50 μm).
• G
  ZO‐1 staining in colon sections of mice treated with sequential AMO/DSS treatment (scale bar, 200 μm).
• H
  Body weight of GDH1^IEC+/+ and GDH1^IEC−/− mice after AOM/DSS treatment (n = 3).
• I
  Survival percentages of GDH1^IEC+/+ mice (n = 11) and GDH1^IEC−/− mice (n = 9) during progression of the inflammatory cancer switch.
• J
  GDH1 and HIF1α protein expression in CRC tissue from GDH1^IEC+/+ mice and GDH1^IEC−/− mice.
• K
  Both HIF1α protein levels and AMPK activity were assessed in the intestine of GDH1^IEC−/− mice after AOM/DSS treatment using the indicated antibodies.

Data information: Data are mean ± SD from the biological replicates (C, H). Statistics: unpaired two‐tailed Student's t‐test (C); two‐way ANOVA with Tukey's HSD post hoc test (D, H); log‐rank test (I).

Source data are available online for this figure.