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. 2023 May 31;7:e45908. doi: 10.2196/45908

Table 1.

Key themes, content, activities, and corresponding food literacy categories of the Pulses Make Perfect Sense (PMPS) nutrition education intervention.

Key lesson themes Content [20,21] Activities Food literacy categories [17]
Defining pulses
  • Pulses are edible seeds of plants in the legume family

  • Pulses include dry peas, chickpeas, dry beans, and lentils

  • Visual guide showing the different types of pulses

  • Other uses of pulses: animal feed and soil improvement

  • Pulses in Canada

  • Classroom discussion

  • Both schools discussed health claims regarding protein foods

  • Food and nutrition knowledge

Health and nutritional benefits of pulses
  • Health benefits of consuming pulses

  • Nutritional benefits of consuming pulses: protein, micronutrients, fiber

  • Pulses and Canada’s Food Guide

  • Lentil smoothies

  • School A: Taste-tested lentil smoothies

  • School B: Prepared and taste-tested lentil smoothies

  • Food and nutrition knowledge

  • Food skills

Incorporating pulses into meals
  • Preparing dry and canned pulses

  • Incorporating pulses into various dishes

  • Cooking pulses in a pressure cooker or slow cooker

  • Safety during cooking

  • Buying and storing pulses

  • Taco in a bag

  • School A: Taste-tested taco in a bag

  • School B: Prepared and taste-tested taco in a bag

  • Food skills

  • Cooking self-efficacy and confidence

  • Food and nutrition knowledge

The role of pulses in reducing environmental stressors
  • How do pulse plants grow?

  • Soil health

  • Symbiosis

  • Nitrogen fixation

  • Intercropping

  • Crop rotation

  • Pot planting

  • Planting pulses into pots

  • Both schools A and B planted pulses into pots

  • School B: Cooked lentil muffins

  • Ecological (ie, external) factors

The role of pulses in reducing food insecurity and malnutrition
  • Food security

  • Cost

  • Cook budget-friendly pulse-based dishes

  • School A: Cooked soup mix

  • School B: Cooked pulse sauce and pasta and soup mix

  • Food skills

  • Cooking self-efficacy and confidence

  • Ecologic (external) factors

  • Food and nutrition knowledge

Product development, taste testing, and sensory analysis
  • Pulse product development and tasting


  • Taste-tested commercially prepared product made from meat-pulse hybrid (meat-pulse bar)

  • Both schools taste-tasted meat-pulse bar

  • Ecological (external) factors

  • Food skills

  • Food and nutrition knowledge


Pulses around the world
  • Ways in which pulses are used in appetizers, snacks, and side dishes and main dishes in various countries

  • Pulses as vegetarian and vegan offerings

  • Incorporating pulses into Saskatchewan-based dishes

  • Lentil bits

  • School A: Taste-tested lentil bits

  • School B: Cooked and taste-tested lentil bits

  • Food and nutrition knowledge

  • Food skills

  • Food decisions