Table 4. The sites, reasons, and coping strategies of intraoperative bleeding.

Items	n [%]
Sites
Pulmonary artery	48 [72]
Pulmonary vein	7 [10]
Bronchial artery	10 [15]
Azygos vein	2 [3]
Reasons
Stapler	6 [9]
Energy device	25 [37]
Dissection	16 [24]
Other*	20 [30]
Coping strategy
Suture	43 [64]
Silk ligation	4 [6]
Hemostatic clip	3 [4]
Stapler	4 [6]
Energy device	6 [9]
Absorbable hemostat	11 [16]
Simultaneous application of various methods	4 [6]

*, other reasons included excessive stretching of lung tissue, incomplete clamping of clip, unknown reasons, etc.