Table 2.
Basal clinical and CMR characteristics of MVP cVA and MVP noVA
| MAD cVA (23 patient) |
MAD noVA (19 patient) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (± SD) | 46.6 ± 13.0 | 49.6 ± 17.8 | 0.198 |
| Male gender (%) | 10 (43%) | 11 (57%) | 0.887 |
| BMI (± SD) | 26.4 ± 4.5 | 24.1 ± 4.7 | 0.612 |
| BSA (m2 ± SD) | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.3 | 0.452 |
| EDV (ml ± SD) | 181.4 ± 48.2 | 184.3 ± 46.1 | 0.468 |
| EDVi (ml/m2 ± SD) | 98.0 ± 25.9 | 98.4 ± 29.2 | 0.421 |
| ESV (ml ± SD) | 79.6 ± 25.1 | 83.2 ± 34.2 | 0.537 |
| EF (% ± SD) | 55.9 ± 8.4 | 57.2 ± 6.8 | 0.833 |
| LV mass (g/m2 ± SD) | 62.3 ± 12.4 | 71.9 ± 14.2 | 0.486 |
| MAD length (mm ± SD) | 10.3 ± 4.5 [7.3–12.3] | 9.2 ± 4.4 [6.7–11.5] | 0.417 |
| MR | |||
| – Mild | 3 (13%) | 4 (21%) | |
| – Moderate | 14 (61%) | 11 (58%) | |
| – Severe | 6 (26%) | 4 (21%) | |
| LGE | 18 (78%) | 8 (42%) | 0.0002 |
| Native T1 mapping (ms (± SD) | |||
| – Anterior wall | 1021 ± 54 | 1011 ± 93 | 0.634 |
| – Anterolateral wall | 1052 ± 56 | 1051 ± 65 | 0.401 |
| – Inferolateral wall | 1104 ± 63 | 1074 ± 63 | 0.026 |
| – Inferior wall | 1116 ± 58 | 1087 ± 58 | 0.015 |
| – Inferoseptal wall | 1085 ± 59 | 1082 ± 48 | 0.167 |
| – Anteroseptal wall | 1062 ± 40 | 1054 ± 44 | 0.611 |
| – Mean | 1083 ± 41 | 1044 ± 52 | 0.039 |
| ECV (% ± SD) | |||
| – Anterior wall | 0.27 ± 0.04 | 0.27 ± 0.04 | 0.336 |
| – Anterolateral wall | 0.29 ± 0.03 | 0.29 ± 0.05 | 0.464 |
| – Inferolateral wall | 0.31 ± 0.05 | 0.30 ± 0.04 | 0.221 |
| – Inferior wall | 0.31 ± 0.03 | 0.30 ± 0.02 | 0.307 |
| – Inferoseptal wall | 0.29 ± 0.03 | 0.29 ± 0.04 | 0.87 |
| – Anteroseptal wall | 0.28 ± 0.04 | 0.30 ± 0.03 | 0.235 |
| – Mean | 0.30 ± 0.04 | 0.29 ± 0.04 | 0.791 |
| GLS (± SD) | − 18.2 ± 4.6 | − 25.1 ± 3.1 | 0.004 |
| LS basal (± SD) | |||
| – Anterior wall | − 17.0 ± 8.2 | − 17.9 ± 9.1 | 0.924 |
| – Anterolateral wall | − 22.8 ± 8.3 | − 22.1 ± 7.4 | 0.288 |
| – Inferolateral wall | − 21.1 ± 11.0 | − 24.9 ± 9.3 | 0.459 |
| – Inferior wall | − 16.8 ± 7.9 | − 23.1 ± 7.0 | 0.007 |
| – Inferoseptal wall | − 18.6 ± 6.3 | − 20.8 ± 9.8 | 0.245 |
| – Anteroseptal wall | − 27.5 ± 13.1 | − 24.3 ± 8.1 | 0.718 |
| – Mean | − 24.3 ± 8.1 | − 22.9 ± 9.1 | 0.341 |
| LS mid-wall (± SD) | |||
| – Anterior wall | − 25.8 ± 10.7 | − 26.2 ± 8.3 | 0.719 |
| – Anterolateral wall | − 24.2 ± 7.3 | − 29.7 ± 7.6 | 0.63 |
| – Inferolateral wall | − 30.8 ± 7.6 | − 26.5 ± 6.3 | 0.071 |
| – Inferior wall | − 29.5 ± 6.8 | − 28.6 ± 6.1 | 0.76 |
| – Inferoseptal wall | − 24.2 ± 7.3 | − 25.3 ± 7.2 | 0.994 |
| – Anteroseptal wall | − 22.4 ± 8.2 | − 21.0 ± 7.6 | 0.183 |
| – Mean | − 24.5 ± 7.2 | − 24.5 ± 8.4 | 0.147 |
| LS apical (± SD) | |||
| – Anterior wall | − 27.6 ± 13.9 | − 28.0 ± 11.2 | 0.679 |
| – Septal wall | − 22.3 ± 8.0 | − 29.7 ± 12.6 | 0.154 |
| – Inferior wall | − 27.0 ± 12.8 | − 29.7 ± 12.6 | 0.28 |
| – Lateral wall | − 26.9 ± 7.0 | − 28.0 ± 7.0 | 0.253 |
| – Mean | − 29.0 ± 10.9 | − 34.6 ± 11.0 | 0.131 |
| CS basal (± SD) | |||
| – Anterior wall | − 24.5 ± 5.4 | − 26.1 ± 6.5 | 0.315 |
| – Anterolateral wall | − 25.8 ± 5.5 | − 25.6 ± 5.5 | 0.887 |
| – Inferolateral wall | − 19.5 ± 7.6 | − 27.4 ± 7.5 | 0.0001 |
| – Inferior wall | − 19.6 ± 6.2 | − 26.2 ± 6.6 | 0.0078 |
| – Inferoseptal wall | − 23.1 ± 5.0 | − 24.4 ± 5.9 | 0.927 |
| – Anteroseptal wall | − 23.1 ± 5.0 | − 26.1 ± 7.4 | 0.713 |
| – Mean | − 22.4 ± 4.5 | − 24.7 ± 6.4 | 0.765 |
| CS midventricular (± SD) | |||
| – Anterior wall | − 20.7 ± 4.8 | − 20.3 ± 3.4 | 0.359 |
| – Anterolateral wall | − 22.1 ± 6.7 | − 20.3 ± 4.3 | 0.21 |
| – Inferolateral wall | − 14.7 ± 8.2 | − 18.9 ± 6.9 | 0.053 |
| – Inferior wall | − 23.3 ± 8.1 | − 24.3 ± 7.5 | 0.526 |
| – Inferoseptal wall | − 22.1 ± 6.9 | − 19.9 ± 5.5 | 0.273 |
| – Anteroseptal wall | − 23.2 ± 5.2 | − 19.7 ± 9.9 | 0.245 |
| – Mean | − 17.5 ± 4.7 | − 21.6 ± 3.1 | 0.041 |
| CS apical (± SD) | |||
| – Anterior wall | − 32.5 ± 16.1 | − 24.8 ± 7.2 | 0.579 |
| – Septal | − 26.3 ± 32.0 | − 31.9 ± 8.0 | 0.097 |
| – Inferior | − 38.6 ± 12.4 | − 35.0 ± 15.3 | 0.715 |
| – Lateral | − 34.1 ± 20.2 | − 31.6 ± 4.4 | 0.614 |
| – Mean | − 30.8 ± 8.6 | − 33.1 ± 5.4 | 0.561 |
Statistically significant values are highlighted in bold
BMI body mass index, cVA complex ventricular arrythmias, EDV end-diastolic volume, EDVi end-diastolic volume indexed. ESV end-systolic volume, EF ejection fraction, LV left ventricle, MAD mitral annular disjunction, MR mitral regurgitation, noVA no complex ventricular arrhythmias, ECV extracellular volume, GLS global longitudinal strain, LS longitudinal strain, CS circumferential strain