Table 2.

Associations between sleep quality and Benign prostate hyperplasia

		Crude Model	P-value	Adjusted I	P-value	Adjusted II	P-value	Adjusted III	P-value	Adjusted IV	P-value
		OR (95%CI)		OR (95%CI)		OR (95%CI)		OR (95%CI)		OR (95%CI)
Sleep Quality score		1.084	< 0.001	1.068	< 0.001	1.07	< 0.001	1.068	< 0.001	1.057	< 0.001
		(1.059, 1.109)		(1.043, 1.04)		(1.044, 1.096)		(1.043, 1.095)		(1.031, 1.084)
Sleep Quality Quartile
	Q1	reference		reference		reference		reference		reference
	Q2	1.061	0.697	1.031	0.841	1.037	0.812	1.008	0.96	0.975	0.871
		(0.788, 1.429)		(0.765, 1.39)		(0.769, 1.398)		(0.747, 1.359)		(0.723, 1.317)
	Q3	1.536	0.001	1.41	0.011	1.435	0.008	1.391	0.015	1.32	0.042
		(1.18, 2)		(1.082, 1.838)		(1.1, 1.872)		(1.066, 1.816)		(1.01, 1.725)
	Q4	2.096	< 0.001	1.827	< 0.001	1.841	< 0.001	1.795	< 0.001	1.615	< 0.001
		(1.638, 2.682)		(1.423, 2.345)		(1.432, 2.367)		(1.395, 2.31)		(1.25, 2.087)

Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the association between sleep quality and BPH. Participants were divided into four groups base on the quartile of sleep quality scores. Q1: men with the first quartile of sleep quality score; Q2: men with the second quartile of sleep quality score; Q3: men with the third quartile of sleep quality score; Q4: men with the fourth quartile of sleep quality score

The Q1 was set as the reference group. Crude model: non adjusted confounding variable. Adjusted 1: adjusting for age; Adjusted II: further adjusting for education level, marital status, place of residence, caste; Adjusted III: further adjusting for alcohol consumption, tobacco consumption and physical activity based on Adjusted II; Adjusted IV: further adjusting for BMI and comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, cancer, chronic heart disease, chronic pulmonary disease, stroke, bone or joint diseases, any neurological or psychiatric problem) based on Adjusted III; OR: odd ratio; CI: confidence interval; Q: quartile; BMI: body mass index