TABLE 2.
Diagnostic features of CPA patientsa
| Microbiological evidence | All CPA (n = 126) | CCPAb (n = 61) | CNPA (n = 20) | SA (n = 12) | AN (n = 33) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sputum culture positive, % (n/total) | 39.3% (42/107) | 45.9% (28/61) | 65.0% (13/20) | 0.0% (0/8) | 5.6% (1/18) |
| A. fumigatus (n) | 29 | 22 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
| A. niger (n) | 5 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 |
| Aspergillus spp. (n) | 8 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| BALF culture positive, % (n/total) | 15.7% (8/51) | 18.8% (6/32) | 22.2% (2/9) | 0.0% (0/3) | 0.0% (0/7) |
| A. fumigatus (n) | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| A. niger (n) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Aspergillus spp. (n) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| mNGS positive, n | 21 | 11 | 5 | 2 | 3 |
| A. fumigatus (n) | 13 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| A. niger (n) | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Other (n) | 4 | 1d | 1e | 1e | 1e |
| Histopathology positive, n | 62 | 20 | 4 | 9 | 28 |
| Percutaneous lung biopsy or TBLB (n) | 19 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
| Lung surgery (n) | 43 | 10 | 2 | 8 | 23 |
| Aspergillus IgG positive (IBL ELISA), % (n/total) | 58.7% (74/126) | 72.1% (44/61) | 75.0% (15/20) | 41.7% (5/12) | 30.3% (10/33) |
| A. fumigatus-associated CPAc (n = 39) | 74.4% (29/39) | 75.8% (22/29) | 85.7% (6/7) | 0.0% (0/1) | 50.0% (1/2) |
| Non-fumigatus Aspergillus-associated CPAc (n = 12) | 66.7% (8/12) | 50.0% (1/2) | 62.5% (5/8) | 0.0% (0/0) | 100.0% (2/2) |
a
CPA, chronic pulmonary aspergillosis; CCPA, chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis; CFPA, chronic fibrosing pulmonary aspergillosis; CNPA, chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis; SA, simple aspergilloma; AN, Aspergillus nodule; BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; mNGS, metagenomic next-generation sequencing; TBLB, transbronchial lung biopsy; ELISA, enyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
b
Two CFPA patients were included.
c
Aspergillus species confirmed by culture or mNGS.
d
A. flavus was detected in one patient.
e
Aspergillus spp. was detected in one patient.