TABLE 1.

Risk factors for short-term survival

Characteristics	OR (95% CI)a
	Crude risk	Adjusted risk
		Model 1	Model 2
Patient characteristics at surgery
Age, yrs
<60	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
60–69	0.87 (0.24–3.09)	2.45 (0.26–22.72)	2.59 (0.28–24.38)
70−74	2.40 (0.65–8.81)	12.55 (1.06–149.26)	14.24 (1.21–167.40)
≥75	1.96 (0.56–6.91)	8.68 (0.79–95.19)	10.55 (0.99–112.75)
Sex
Female	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
Male	0.76 (0.35–1.67)	0.47 (0.14–1.56)	0.44 (0.13–1.41)
ASA score
I (healthy)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
II (mild)	0.80 (0.32–2.02)	2.29 (0.45–11.78)	2.69 (0.56–12.96)
III-IV (severe or worse)	2.01 (0.65–6.19)	4.10 (0.60–27.92)	4.99 (0.79–31.45)
Preoperative treatment
None	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
Radiotherapy	1.17 (0.74–1.84)	0.71 (0.12–4.15)
Tumor characteristics
Localization
Colon right	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
Colon left	0.47 (0.16–1.32)	0.78 (0.16–3.82)	0.76 (0.16–3.63)
Rectum	0.72 (0.28–1.84)	2.03 (0.33–12.63)	1.61 (0.36–7.21)
Mucinous cancer
No	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
Yes	0.83 (0.24–2.93)	0.50 (0.05–5.39)
TNM stage
III	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
IV	10.8 (3.68–31.72)	44.67 (5.53–360.63)	49.32 (5.86–415.12)
Grade of differentiation
Low	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
Medium	0.20 (0.07–0.54)	0.23 (0.05–0.98)	0.24 (0.06–1.00)
High	0.21 (0.05–0.97)	0.09 (0.01–1.24)	0.10 (0.01–1.27)
Surgical characteristics
Period of surgery
1997−2005	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
2006−2010	0.54 (0.21–1.37)	0.44 (0.10–1.92)	0.44 (0.10–1.89)
2011−2017	0.59 (0.21–1.65)	1.19 (0.22–6.47)	1.08 (0.22–5.36)
Radical operation
No	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (ref)
Yes	0.05 (0.01–0.41)	0.13 (0.01–1.51)	0.12 (0.01–1.34)

^aModel 1 values are adjusted for all variables. Model 2 values are adjusted for all variables except for preoperative treatment and mucinous cancer. ref, reference.