TABLE 1.
Patient characteristics
| Study population | RSV |
RSV-A |
RSV-B |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |||||
| n | 110 | n | 41a | n | 68a | P | |
| General characteristicsc | |||||||
| Male sex (n, %) | 68 | 110 (61.8) | 22 | 41 (53.7) | 46 | 68 (67.6) | 0.16 |
| Prematurity (n, %) | 11 | 110 (10) | 3 | 41 (7.3) | 8 | 68 (11.8) | 0.53 |
| Small for gestational age (n, %) | 10 | 109b (9) | 2 | 41 (4.8) | 7 | 67b (10.4) | 0.48 |
| Daycare attendance (n, %) | 56 | 105b (53.3) | 20 | 38b (52.6) | 36 | 66b (54.5) | 1 |
| Breast feeding (n, %) | 65 | 110 (59) | 23 | 41 (56) | 42 | 68 (61.8) | 0.69 |
| Parental atopy (n, %) | 18 | 105b (17.1) | 4 | 39b (10.3) | 14 | 65b (21.5) | 0.18 |
| Parental smoking (n, %) | 29 | 103b (28.2) | 8 | 38b (21.0) | 20 | 64b (31.3) | 0.36 |
| Age (mo; median, Q1 to Q3) | 5.0 | 2 to 9.9 | 5.1 | 1.8 to 10.5 | 5.0 | 2.3 to 10.1 | 0.62 |
| Clinical parameters | |||||||
| Dyspnea (n, %) | 82 | 110 (74.5) | 27 | 41 (65.9) | 54 | 68 (79.4) | 0.17 |
| Anorexia (n, %) | 89 | 110 (80.9) | 33 | 41 (80.5) | 55 | 68 (80.9) | 0.96 |
| Fever (n, %) | 90 | 110 (81.8) | 34 | 41 (82.9) | 55 | 68 (80.9) | 0.79 |
| Cyanosis (n, %) | 5 | 110 (4.5) | 0 | 41 (0.0) | 5 | 68 (7.4) | 0.16 |
| Tachypnea on admission (n, %) | 73 | 110 (66.4) | 22 | 41 (53.7) | 48 | 68 (70.6) | 0.07 |
| Tachycardia on admission (n, %) | 33 | 110 (30) | 10 | 41 (24.4) | 23 | 68 (33.8) | 0.34 |
| Primary outcome measurese | |||||||
| PICU admission (n, %) | 20 | 110 (18.2) | 11 | 41 (26.8) | 9 | 68 (13.2) | 0.12 |
| Duration of hospitalization (days; median, Q1 to Q3) | 4 | 2 to 6 | 4 | 2 to 7 | 4 | 2 to 5 | 0.56 |
| Desaturation on admission (n,%) | 25 | 110 (22.7) | 7 | 41 (17.1) | 18 | 68 (26.5) | 0.26 |
| Oxygen administration (n,%) | 65 | 110 (59.1) | 21 | 41 (51.2) | 44 | 68 (64.7) | 0.23 |
| BRAS (median, Q1 to Q3) | 2 | 2 to 3 | 2 | 2 to 3 | 3 | 2 to 4 | 0.09 |
| Secondary outcome measures | |||||||
| Duration of O2 administration (days, median, Q1 to Q3) | 3 | 1.5 to 5 | 3 | 1.5 to 5 | 2.25 | 1.1 to 5 | 0.89 |
| Maximum O2 flow (l/min, median, Q1 to Q3) | 8 | 1 to 13.5 | 10 | 1 to 14.5 | 1.25 | 1 to 12 | 0.13 |
| Maximum FiO2 (%; median, Q1 to Q3) | 26 | 24 to 40 | 38 | 24 to 55 | 24 | 24 to 30 | 0.02 d |
| Intubation (n, %) | 3 | 110 (2.7) | 0 | 41 (0.0) | 3 | 68 (4.4) | 0.29 |
| ReSViNET score (median, Q1 to Q3) | 8 | 5 to 11.25 | 7 | 3 to 11 | 9 | 6 to 12 | 0.12 |
a
One patient tested positive for both RSV-A and RSV-B.
b
Data is lacking for some patients.
c
Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson's chi-squared, Fisher’s exact, or Mann-Whitney-U test, as appropriate.
d
Significant P-values in bold.
e
PICU, pediatric intensive care unit; BRAS, Bronchiolitis Risk of Admission Score; FiO2, fraction of inspired oxygen.