Table 5.
Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination status.
| Factors | Partially Vaccinated | Fully Vaccinated | Booster Vaccinated | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | P | OR | 95% CI | P | OR | 95% CI | P | |
| Age group, years | |||||||||
| 18-39 | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| 40-49 | 0.78 | 0.36-1.70 | 0.533 | 1.1 | 0.61-1.99 | 0.746 | 1.43 | 0.85-2.40 | 0.176 |
| 50-59 | 1.16 | 0.54-2.51 | 0.699 | 0.91 | 0.49-1.71 | 0.772 | 1.39 | 0.81-2.39 | 0.227 |
| 60-69 | 1.17 | 0.43-3.23 | 0.756 | 1.46 | 0.64-3.31 | 0.369 | 1.25 | 0.62-2.50 | 0.538 |
| 70-79 | 1.03 | 0.31-3.46 | 0.958 | 1.59 | 0.61-4.15 | 0.344 | 1.42 | 0.63-3.21 | 0.394 |
| ≥ 80 | 0.59 | 0.12-2.91 | 0.520 | 0.40 | 0.10-1.55 | 0.183 | 0.33 | 0.12-0.94 | 0.039 |
| Education level | |||||||||
| Below high school | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| High school | 1.47 | 0.81-2.65 | 0.204 | 1.55 | 0.94-2.54 | 0.085 | 1.47 | 0.96-2.24 | 0.077 |
| College | 0.86 | 0.49-1.51 | 0.596 | 1.39 | 0.89-2.16 | 0.147 | 1.31 | 0.90-1.91 | 0.155 |
| Postgraduate | 0.97 | 0.31-3.03 | 0.961 | 1.25 | 0.52-3.00 | 0.623 | 1.36 | 0.64-2.89 | 0.432 |
| Marital status | |||||||||
| Single | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Married or cohabitating | 0.63 | 0.28-1.44 | 0.277 | 0.81 | 0.42-1.58 | 0.54 | 1.05 | 0.58-1.88 | 0.877 |
| Divorced or separated | 0.45 | 0.11-1.87 | 0.273 | 0.63 | 0.22-1.82 | 0.634 | 0.83 | 0.34-2.04 | 0.688 |
| Widowed | 0.34 | 0.08-1.44 | 0.142 | 0.22 | 0.07-0.78 | 0.018 | 0.63 | 0.26-1.54 | 0.312 |
| Have children under age 18 | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.41 | 0.85-2.32 | 0.183 | 1.33 | 0.89-1.98 | 0.166 | 1.19 | 0.84-1.67 | 0.330 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Work status | |||||||||
| Unemployed | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Employed | 1.41 | 0.71-2.83 | 0.331 | 1.60 | 0.91-2.82 | 0.103 | 1.66 | 1.04-2.67 | 0.036 |
| Retired | 1.22 | 0.54-2.79 | 0.631 | 1.34 | 0.68-2.63 | 0.404 | 1.6 | 0.91-2.80 | 0.102 |
| Student | 0.42 | 0.04-4.38 | 0.465 | 3.38 | 0.94-12.19 | 0.063 | 1.39 | 0.41-4.76 | 0.600 |
| Administrative regions | |||||||||
| Eastern China | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Southern China | 1.16 | 0.44-3.02 | 0.765 | 1.66 | 0.80-3.45 | 0.177 | 0.94 | 0.51-1.74 | 0.844 |
| Central China | 1.28 | 0.52-3.17 | 0.592 | 1.7 | 0.83-3.46 | 0.145 | 1.00 | 0.55-1.83 | 0.99 |
| Northern China | 1.14 | 0.54-2.39 | 0.733 | 1.22 | 0.68-2.18 | 0.511 | 0.87 | 0.54-1.40 | 0.554 |
| Northwest China | 2.22 | 0.60-8.29 | 0.235 | 3.26 | 1.11-9.57 | 0.032 | 1.89 | 0.71-5.00 | 0.202 |
| Southwest Region | 2.45 | 0.89-6.76 | 0.084 | 1.97 | 0.85-4.56 | 0.114 | 1.92 | 0.96-3.85 | 0.066 |
| North East | 1.10 | 0.37-3.25 | 0.875 | 1.26 | 0.53-3.00 | 0.600 | 0.94 | 0.46-1.95 | 0.871 |
| Food or medicine allergic history | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.03 | 0.54-1.95 | 0.938 | 0.79 | 0.47-1.32 | 0.360 | 0.72 | 0.47-1.10 | 0.126 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Vaccine allergic history | |||||||||
| Yes | 0.23 | 0.05-1.05 | 0.058 | 0.66 | 0.30-1.43 | 0.288 | 0.63 | 0.33-1.20 | 0.159 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Alcohol intake history | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.18 | 0.71-1.94 | 0.523 | 1.08 | 0.73-1.62 | 0.672 | 1.44 | 1.03-2.02 | 0.036 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Self–reported BMI, kg/m2 | |||||||||
| < 18.5 | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| 18.5-23.9 | 1.42 | 0.54-3.78 | 0.478 | 1.83 | 0.87-3.84 | 0.112 | 2.33 | 1.24-4.35 | 0.008 |
| 24.0-27.9 | 1.75 | 0.64-4.77 | 0.273 | 1.70 | 0.79-3.69 | 0.178 | 2.72 | 1.43-5.21 | 0.002 |
| ≥ 28 | 2.01 | 0.70-5.76 | 0.193 | 2.18 | 0.96-4.93 | 0.062 | 2.91 | 1.46-5.83 | 0.003 |
| Other chronic diseases | |||||||||
| Hypertension | |||||||||
| Yes | 0.78 | 0.44-1.39 | 0.401 | 0.86 | 0.53-1.37 | 0.517 | 0.96 | 0.65-1.41 | 0.826 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Hyperlipidemia | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.18 | 0.67-2.07 | 0.569 | 0.83 | 0.53-1.37 | 0.400 | 1.23 | 0.85-1.78 | 0.275 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Metabolic syndrome | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.67 | 0.62-4.6 | 0.308 | 1.50 | 0.55-4.10 | 0.433 | 1.50 | 0.75-2.99 | 0.250 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Chronic respiratory disease | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.93 | 0.61-6.13 | 0.266 | 1.49 | 0.54-4.07 | 0.442 | 1.85 | 0.80-4.29 | 0.152 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases | |||||||||
| Yes | 0.75 | 0.39-1.45 | 0.389 | 1.03 | 0.62-1.71 | 0.923 | 0.52 | 0.33-0.80 | 0.003 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Liver and kidney diseases | |||||||||
| Yes | 0.83 | 0.21-3.35 | 0.793 | 0.96 | 0.35-2.59 | 0.930 | 0.96 | 0.42-2.21 | 0.963 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Inflammatory immune diseases | |||||||||
| Yes | 0.12 | 0.02-0.99 | 0.049 | 0.11 | 0.02-0.51 | 0.005 | 0.28 | 0.12-0.64 | 0.002 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Cancer | |||||||||
| Yes | 0.52 | 0.16-1.73 | 0.288 | 0.19 | 0.06-0.61 | 0.005 | 0.25 | 0.12-0.51 | < 0.001 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Others | |||||||||
| Yes | 0.43 | 0.16-1.16 | 0.094 | 0.4 | 0.19-0.85 | 0.016 | 0.52 | 0.29-0.92 | 0.024 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| None | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.02 | 0.49-2.12 | 0.97 | 1.2 | 0.67-2.14 | 0.545 | 1.3 | 0.80-2.12 | 0.293 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Diabetes complications | |||||||||
| Diabetic eye disease | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.10 | 0.48-2.55 | 0.819 | 1.01 | 0.53-1.94 | 0.98 | 0.59 | 0.34-1.01 | 0.052 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Diabetic Nephropathy | |||||||||
| Yes | 0.23 | 0.09-0.58 | 0.002 | 0.51 | 0.26-0.99 | 0.048 | 0.3 | 0.17-0.53 | < 0.001 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Diabetic foot | |||||||||
| Yes | 0.51 | 0.15-1.76 | 0.286 | 0.82 | 0.34-1.98 | 0.658 | 0.39 | 0.18-0.83 | 0.014 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Diabetic neuropathy | |||||||||
| Yes | 0.92 | 0.40-2.12 | 0.844 | 0.75 | 0.39-1.44 | 0.388 | 0.71 | 0.41-1.22 | 0.214 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| None | |||||||||
| Yes | 0.66 | 0.25-1.74 | 0.397 | 0.89 | 0.42-1.89 | 0.763 | 0.58 | 0.31-1.08 | 0.086 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Time since diabetes diagnosis, years | |||||||||
| ≤1 | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| 1–10 | 0.6 | 0.33-1.11 | 0.102 | 0.67 | 0.42-1.08 | 0.103 | 0.86 | 0.56-1.32 | 0.489 |
| ≧10 | 0.78 | 0.41-1.51 | 0.466 | 0.67 | 0.39-1.13 | 0.131 | 0.9 | 0.57-1.42 | 0.659 |
| Source of COVID-19 vaccine information | |||||||||
| Internet | 0.49 | 0.22-1.10 | 0.082 | 0.86 | 0.43-1.70 | 0.655 | 0.70 | 0.40-1.23 | 0.211 |
| Communication with friends and family | 0.62 | 0.26-1.45 | 0.266 | 1.14 | 0.56-2.35 | 0.717 | 0.79 | 0.44-1.42 | 0.424 |
| Consult with healthcare workers | 0.75 | 0.32-1.76 | 0.505 | 1.34 | 0.65-2.77 | 0.433 | 0.83 | 0.46-1.51 | 0.544 |
| Epidemic prevention station | 1.73 | 0.70-4.28 | 0.232 | 2.57 | 1.16-5.69 | 0.020 | 1.93 | 0.98-3.79 | 0.057 |
| Others | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Believe COVID-19 vaccines can provide protection | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.69 | 0.80-3.59 | 0.232 | 1.12 | 0.67-1.89 | 0.662 | 2.08 | 1.34-3.22 | 0.001 |
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Perceptions on vaccine safety | |||||||||
| Very Safe | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Safe | 0.89 | 0.51-1.56 | 0.688 | 1.01 | 0.63-1.61 | 0.978 | 0.83 | 0.55-1.24 | 0.353 |
| General | 0.44 | 0.22-0.87 | 0.018 | 0.48 | 0.28-0.82 | 0.007 | 0.45 | 0.29-0.70 | < 0.001 |
| Unsafe | 0.34 | 0.09-1.27 | 0.11 | 0.74 | 0.32-1.71 | 0.480 | 0.08 | 0.03-0.20 | < 0.001 |
| Very unsafe | 0.49 | 0.04-5.62 | 0.566 | 0.76 | 0.15-3.76 | 0.731 | 0.34 | 0.08-1.54 | 0.160 |
p-value is from a multinomial logistic regression analysis model.
Bold values show significant differences (P< 0.05).