Table 2.
Hemodynamic parameters of participants.
| Study | SBP (mmHg) | DBP (mmHg) | HR (bpm) | PP (mmHg) | Measurements | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time | Position | Equipment | |||||
| Craighead DH 2021 (29) | IMST:131 ± 3 C:135 ± 3 |
IMST:75 ± 2 C:74 ± 2 |
— | — | ABPM was measured at baseline and after 6 weeks of IMST or sham training. | BP: the subject's non-dominant arm |
BP: Oscar 2; (SunTech Medical) |
| Ferreira JB 2013 (12) | IMT: 133.1 ± 9.8 IMT: 130 ± 6.4 |
IMT: 80.6 ± 12.3 P-IMT: 86.4 ± 9.3 |
IMT:61.3 ± 12.7 P-IMT:71.0 ± 14.7 |
— | ABPM was measured before and after the interventions. HR was acquired immediately before and after the interventions. |
BP: the subject's non-dominant arm HR: ECG electrodes |
BP: DynaMAPA® monitor (Cardios, São Paulo, Brazil) HR: Biopac MP150 system(Biopac, California, USA) |
| Jones CU 2010 (25) | LB: 142 ± 8.9 ULB: 141 ± 5.9 C: 142 ± 9.6 |
LB:87 ± 5.2 ULB: 85 ± 4.4 C: 87 ± 5.3 |
LB: 75 ± 5.8 ULB:74 ± 5.6 C:73 ± 7.3 |
LB: 55 ± 9.4 ULB:57 ± 4.9 C:56 ± 9.8 |
HR, BP and PP were made in every morning between 7.00 and 9.00 am before the patients began training and in the week following the last training session. | BP/PP/HR: the subject's non-dominant arm |
BP/PP/HR: Ri-champion(Rudolf Riester GMBH Co, Germany) |
| Ublosakka-Jones C 2017 (26) | LB: 139 ± 10 C: 139 ± 10 |
LB: 73 ± 13 C: 76 ± 9 |
LB: 68 ± 8 C: 68 ± 11 |
LB: 67 ± 7 C: 63 ± 8 |
Resting BP and HR were reported for assessment before and immediately after the 8-week training period. | BP/PP: each subject's arm 1 inch above the elbow over the brachial artery HR: ECG electrodes |
BP/PP: BSM-6701 bedside monitor (Nihon Kohden, Tokyo, Japan) HR: BiopacTM SS11LA (BIOPAC System) |
| Ublosakka-Jones C 2018 (27) | LB: 141.5 ± 6.5 C: 141.4 ± 4.8 |
LB: 70.4 ± 3.2 C: 73.0 ± 7.5 |
LB: 71.2 ± 6.9 C: 72.5 ± 11.6 |
LB: 71.1 ± 6.6 C: 63.7 ± 9.7 |
HR, BP and PP were carried out, every morning before 9:00 am during the 2 week run-in and the following 8 week training period. | BP/PP/HR: the subject's non-dominant arm |
BP/PP/HR: ri-championN (Jungingen, Germany) |
| Ublosakka-Jones C 2019 (13) | LB: 143 ± 9 C: 137 ± 7 |
LB:80 ± 8 C:76 ± 12 |
LB: 72 ± 13.4 C: 71 ± 13.8 |
LB: 63 ± 5.7 C: 76 ± 7.3 |
HR, BP and PP data were noted every day before 9:00 am,together with a record of their training, during the 2-week run-in,the following 8-week training period. | BP/PP/HR: the subject's non-dominant arm |
BP/PP/HR: ri-championN (Jungingen, Germany) |
| Yuenyongchaiwat K 2019 (28) | LB: 139.15 ± 15.82 C: 138.65 ± 14.21 |
LB: 82.95 ± 10.48 C: 83.60 ± 9.21 |
LB: 80.50 ± 15.59 C: 78.35 ± 15.60 |
— | HR, BP and PP were performed prior to and after intervention with the 10-min resting. | BP/PP/HR: on the left semi- flexed arm at the heart-level height |
BP/PP/HR: Philips Intellivue MP20 bedside monitor (Nihon Kohden, Tokyo, Japan) |
| Zhu K 2021 (15) | LB: 137 ± 19 C:134 ± 21 |
LB: 89 ± 13 C: 87 ± 11 |
LB: 77 ± 5 C: 74 ± 6 |
— | HR, BP and PP were performed prior to and after intervention with the 10-min resting. | BP: Patient's right upper brachial artery pressure HR: The pulse of the wrist |
BP: Yuwell desktop sphygmomanometer HR: — |
LB, loaded breathing; ULB, unloaded breathing; Con, control groups; IMT, inspiratory muscle training; P-IMT, placebo-inspiratory muscle training; IMST, inspiratory muscle strength training; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; BP, blood pressure; HR, heart rate; ABPM, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.