Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Directed acyclic graph of Mendelian randomisation representing the assumptions (i) the genetic variant (G) must be associated with the exposure X, (ii) must not be associated with any confounder (U) of the exposure-outcome association and (iii) must be associated with the outcome (Y) only via the exposure.
