Table 2.
Odds of consuming fruits and vegetables less often than daily; Geographic Research on Wellbeing (GROW) Study (n 2669), California, USA, 2012–2013
| Crude model | Demographic model | SES model | Full model | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | OR | 95 % CI | |
| Maternal age (years) | ||||||||
| 20–29 | 1·29 | 1·00, 1·68 | 0·95 | 0·71, 1·27 | 0·85 | 0·63, 1·15 | 0·84 | 0·62, 1·14 |
| 30–39 | 1·27* | 1·06, 1·52 | 1·09 | 0·90, 1·32 | 1·05 | 0·86, 1·27 | 1·04 | 0·86, 1·27 |
| ≥40 | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. |
| Marital status | ||||||||
| Previously or never married | 1·58*** | 1·25, 2·01 | 1·51** | 1·18, 1·93 | 1·44** | 1·12, 1·86 | 1·43** | 1·11, 1·85 |
| Married or living together | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||
| African American | 1·95*** | 1·46, 2·60 | 1·65** | 1·21, 2·26 | 1·53* | 1·10, 2·12 | 1·49* | 1·07, 2·08 |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 1·67*** | 1·24, 2·24 | 1·71*** | 1·27, 2·30 | 1·77*** | 1·31, 2·38 | 1·77*** | 1·31, 2·38 |
| Latina, US-born | 2·37*** | 1·84, 3·06 | 2·31*** | 1·76, 3·03 | 2·05*** | 1·55, 2·73 | 2·03*** | 1·53, 2·70 |
| Latina, immigrant | 2·19*** | 1·77, 2·70 | 2·15*** | 1·73, 2·68 | 1·75*** | 1·31, 2·35 | 1·73*** | 1·28, 2·32 |
| White, non-Hispanic | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. |
| Educational attainment | ||||||||
| Less than high school | 1·93*** | 1·50, 2·48 | 1·51* | 1·06, 2·16 | 1·49* | 1·04, 2·13 | ||
| High-school graduate/GED | 1·89*** | 1·48, 2·41 | 1·51* | 1·10, 2·08 | 1·51* | 1·10, 2·07 | ||
| Some college | 1·54*** | 1·23, 1·93 | 1·36* | 1·05, 1·75 | 1·35* | 1·05, 1·75 | ||
| College graduate | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | ||
| Family income (% of federal poverty level) | ||||||||
| ≤100 % | 1·89*** | 1·49, 2·39 | 1·05 | 0·74, 1·48 | 1·02 | 0·72, 1·45 | ||
| 101–200 % | 1·65*** | 1·28, 2·14 | 1·03 | 0·75, 1·42 | 1·02 | 0·74, 1·42 | ||
| 201–300 % | 1·47* | 1·06, 2·03 | 1·05 | 0·74, 1·49 | 1·05 | 0·74, 1·50 | ||
| 301–400 % | 1·35 | 0·97, 1·87 | 1·17 | 0·84, 1·64 | 1·17 | 0·84, 1·64 | ||
| >400 % | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | ||
| Missing | 1·37* | 1·01, 1·87 | 0·89 | 0·62, 1·28 | 0·88 | 0·62, 1·26 | ||
| Longitudinal neighbourhood poverty | ||||||||
| Long-term high poverty | 1·72*** | 1·27, 2·32 | 1·18 | 0·85, 1·65 | ||||
| Long-term moderate poverty | 1·37** | 1·11, 1·69 | 1·02 | 0·80, 1·29 | ||||
| Long-term low poverty | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | ||||
SES, socio-economic status; GED, General Educational Development; Ref., reference category.
*P<0·05, **P<0·01, ***P<0·001.