Table 5.
Adjusted odds ratios† of childhood anaemia among children of pre-school age in Jordan by the mothers’ characteristics and by the survey phase
| Survey phase | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPFHS-07 | JPFHS-09 | JPFHS-07 and JPFHS-09 | ||||
| Mothers’ characteristics | Adjusted OR | 95 % CI | Adjusted OR | 95 % CI | Adjusted OR | 95 % CI |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 15–24 | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. |
| 25–34 | 1·19 | 0·97, 1·46 | 1·32* | 1·05, 1·65 | 1·22** | 1·05, 1·42 |
| 35–49 | 1·28* | 1·01, 1·63 | 1·29* | 1·00, 1·67 | 1·30** | 1·10, 1·55 |
| Education | ||||||
| Primary or below | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. |
| Secondary | 0·81 | 0·62, 1·06 | 1·02 | 0·77, 1·37 | 0·91 | 0·75, 1·11 |
| Higher | 0·76 | 0·56, 1·03 | 0·92 | 0·67, 1·27 | 0·85 | 0·68, 1·05 |
| Maternal anaemia | ||||||
| No | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. |
| Yes | 1·74*** | 1·33, 2·28 | 1·53** | 1·11, 2·09 | 1·69*** | 1·38, 2·07 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||
| Normal (18·5–24·9) | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. |
| Underweight (<18·5) | 2·28** | 1·35, 3·87 | 1·34 | 0·75, 2·40 | 1·75** | 1·20, 2·57 |
| Overweight (≥25·0) | 0·72*** | 0·62, 0·84 | 0·88 | 0·74, 1·05 | 0·79*** | 0·71, 0·88 |
| Tobacco smoker | ||||||
| No | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. |
| Yes | 0·12 | 0·73, 3·37 | 0·45 | 0·18, 1·11 | 0·85 | 0·48, 1·50 |
| Waterpipe smoker | ||||||
| No | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. |
| Yes | 0·71 | 0·39, 1·27 | 1·60 | 0·79, 3·21 | 1·03 | 0·66, 1·60 |
| Cigarette smoker | ||||||
| No | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. | 1·00 | Ref. |
| Yes | 0·81 | 0·40, 1·63 | 1·26 | 0·55, 2·87 | 1·20 | 0·70, 2·04 |
JPFHS, Jordan Population and Family Health Survey; Ref., reference category.
*P<0·05, **P<0·01, ***P<0·001.
†
Adjusted OR include 6924 children with full information about all variables included in the multivariate model (in 2007, n 3538; in 2009, n 3386).