Table 5.
Adjusted prevalence odds ratios (POR) of metabolic syndrome (MetS) biomarkers in relationship to intake of added sugar by quintile among US Mexican-American adolescents (aged 12–19 years), National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2012: multivariate logistic regression
| Mean added sugar intake | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1: | Q2: 54·5 g/d | Q3: 77·7 g/d | Q4: 104·0 g/d | Q5: 161·0 g/d | ||||||
| MetS biomarker/ indicator | Sample size | 28·3 g/d | POR | 95 % CI | POR | 95 % CI | POR | 95 % CI | POR | 95 % CI |
| TAG | 470 | Ref. | 1·3 | 0·4, 4·3 | 2·3 | 0·6, 8·8 | 2·9* | 1·0, 8·2 | 1·9 | 0·6, 6·2 |
| HDL-C | 496 | Ref. | 1·4 | 0·5, 3·7 | 1·6 | 0·5, 5·6 | 2·1 | 0·7, 6·4 | 3·1 | 0·8, 12·3 |
| TAG:HDL-C | 470 | Ref. | 1·3 | 0·6, 2·8 | 2·5 | 0·9, 7·3 | 2·2 | 0·8, 5·7 | 2·6 | 0·9, 7·0 |
| BG | 470 | Ref. | 0·7 | 0·4, 1·3 | 1·2 | 0·6, 2·4 | 1·0 | 0·4, 2·6 | 1·7 | 0·7, 4·3 |
| Insulin | 465 | Ref. | 2·2 | 0·8, 5·9 | 1·4 | 0·4, 4·3 | 2·4 | 0·8, 6·9 | 1·4 | 0·5, 3·6 |
| HOMA-IR | 465 | Ref. | 2·9* | 1·0, 8·8 | 1·3 | 0·4, 4·2 | 2·7 | 0·9, 7·7 | 1·9 | 0·8, 4·5 |
| WC | 491 | Ref. | 3·4* | 1·2, 9·4 | 3·1 | 0·9, 9·7 | 5·2* | 1·0, 28·4 | 5·5* | 1·3, 23·4 |
| Uric acid | 493 | Ref. | 1·1 | 0·5, 2·2 | 1·4 | 0·6, 3·3 | 1·9 | 0·8, 4·7 | 1·8 | 0·9, 3·8 |
| ALT | 474 | Ref. | 1·4 | 0·5, 4·6 | 0·9 | 0·3, 2·9 | 0·7 | 0·2, 2·1 | 0·9 | 0·3, 3·1 |
HDL-C, HDL cholesterol; BG, blood glucose; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; WC, waist circumference; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; Ref., reference category.
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and MetS had insufficient cell sizes to populate.
Added sugar quintile ranges: Q1, 0–44·3 g/d; Q2, 44·5–65·6 g/d; Q3, 65·9–90·4 g/d; Q4, 90·4–120·8 g/d; Q5, 120·9–321·3 g/d.
Statistically significant (P<·05) adjusted for physical activity, age, BMI Z-score and energy intake.