Table 1.
Characteristics of the population free of chronic disease at baseline (1995) and stratified by chronic disease status at follow-up (2004/5); people from three Central Australian Aboriginal communities
| Baseline status | Follow-up status | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chronic disease absent (n 286; 64·4 %) | Chronic disease absent (n 167; 58·4 %) | Chronic disease present (n 119; 41·6 %) | ||||
| Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI | |
| Age (years)* | 32‡ | 30, 34 | 30§ | 28, 32 | 35§ | 32, 37 |
| Sex (% male) | 40·9 | 35·2, 46·6 | 37·7 | 30·4, 45·1 | 45·4 | 36·4, 54·3 |
| Smoking (%) | 26·6‡ | 21·5, 31·7 | 21·6 | 15·3, 27·8 | 33·6 | 25·1, 42·1 |
| Height (cm)* | 1·66 | 1·65, 1·67 | 1·66 | 1·64, 1·67 | 1·67 | 1·66, 1·69 |
| Weight (kg)* | 65·6‡ | 63·9, 67·3 | 62·9§ | 60·8, 65·0 | 69·4§ | 66·7, 72·0 |
| BMI (kg/m2)* | 23·7‡ | 23·1, 24·3 | 22·9§ | 22·2, 23·6 | 24·8§ | 23·9, 25·8 |
| Sum of skinfolds (mm)* | 76·1‡ | 71·7, 80·6 | 73·7 | 68·1, 79·4 | 79·5 | 72·2, 86·7 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio* | 0·86‡ | 0·85, 0·86 | 0·84§ | 0·83, 0·85 | 0·88§ | 0·86, 0·89 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/l)† | 4·81‡ | 4·70, 4·93 | 4·71 | 4·57, 4·84 | 4·96 | 4·76, 5·18 |
| TAG (mmol/l)† | 1·72‡ | 1·62, 1·83 | 1·64 | 1·53, 1·77 | 1·84 | 1·67, 2·04 |
| Homocysteine (µmol/l)† | 12·9‡ | 12·3, 13·5 | 12·5 | 11·8, 13·1 | 13·6 | 12·6, 14·6 |
| Retinol (µg/dl)† | 43·7‡ | 42·2, 45·3 | 43·2 | 41·4, 45·2 | 44·4 | 41·8, 47·3 |
| α-Tocopherol (µg/dl)† | 656‡ | 633, 679 | 623§ | 596, 652 | 704§ | 666, 744 |
| Lutein+zeaxanthin (µg/dl)† | 6·90 | 6·60, 7·22 | 6·90 | 6·48, 7·34 | 6·91 | 6·46, 7·39 |
| Cryptoxanthin (µg/dl)† | 2·97 | 2·76, 3·20 | 3·20 | 2·90, 3·52 | 2·69 | 2·40, 3·01 |
| Lycopene (µg/dl)† | 9·80 | 9·08, 10·58 | 9·76 | 8·80, 10·83 | 9·86 | 8·80, 11·04 |
*
Mean and 95 % CI.
†
Geometric mean and 95 % CI interval.
‡
Indicates that the characteristic of participants without chronic disease in 1995 differs from that of participants with chronic disease (data not shown) at the 95 % CI level.
§
Indicates that the characteristic of participants without chronic disease in 2005 differs from that of participants with chronic disease at the 95% CI level.