Table 1.
General participant characteristics by food insufficiency level among Korean adults aged ≥19 years from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010–2012)
| Food insufficiency status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food sufficient (%) | Mildly food insufficient (%) | Severely food insufficient (%) | P | |
| Age group (years) | ||||
| 19–29 | 20·7 | 18·8 | 12·5 | <0·001 |
| 30–49 | 45·2 | 41·2 | 30·8 | |
| 50–64 | 23·3 | 24·6 | 27·9 | |
| ≥65 | 10·8 | 15·5 | 28·8 | |
| Sex | ||||
| Men | 50·4 | 48·6 | 43·7 | 0·008 |
| Living area | ||||
| Rural areas | 18·2 | 21·2 | 17·1 | 0·028 |
| Small cities | 33·7 | 31·4 | 40·8 | |
| Metropolises | 48·0 | 47·4 | 42·2 | |
| Household type† | ||||
| One | 22·0 | 22·4 | 37·7 | <0·001 |
| Two | 64·3 | 64·0 | 51·7 | |
| Three | 13·7 | 13·5 | 10·6 | |
| Education level | ||||
| Elementary and less | 13·3 | 21·0 | 47·0 | <0·001 |
| Middle school | 8·9 | 10·5 | 10·9 | |
| High school | 38·6 | 39·5 | 32·2 | |
| College or more | 39·1 | 28·9 | 9·8 | |
| Weight status (kg/m2)‡ | ||||
| BMI<23 | 44·7 | 46·4 | 41·0 | 0·100 |
| 23≤BMI<25 | 23·5 | 21·7 | 22·9 | |
| BMI≥25 | 31·8 | 31·9 | 36·1 | |
| Income quartile§ | ||||
| Q1 (lowest) | 18·8 | 30·2 | 62·4 | <0·001 |
| Q2 | 24·3 | 27·7 | 20·8 | |
| Q3 | 27·1 | 23·9 | 12·4 | |
| Q4 (highest) | 29·9 | 18·2 | 4·5 | |
| Household size (persons) | ||||
| Mean | 3·42 | 3·32 | 2·69 | <0·001 |
| se | 0·03 | 0·03 | 0·09 | |
| Household income (10 000 Won per month) | ||||
| Mean | 552·8 | 377·2 | 172·5 | <0·001 |
| se | 29·8 | 12·3 | 21·7 | |
All % are weighted percentages.
All analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and appropriate sampling weights of the national population-based survey.
Household type has three classes: (i) a person living alone or living with a spouse or other siblings/relatives; (ii) a person/couple living with children or grandchildren; and (iii) a person/couple living with children or their spouse and grandchildren.
Weight status was categorised using the definition of the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity.
Income quartile was based on the equivalised household income calculated by dividing monthly household income by the square root of the household size.