Table 1.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations of New Zealand aged-care residents and the proportion with 25(OH)D below 50 nmol/l by demographic and health characteristics, February–September 2014
| Participants with blood samples | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All participants | Serum 25(OH)D (nmol/l) | 25(OH)D <50 nmol/l | ||||
| Participant characteristic | n | n | Mean | 95 % CI | n | % |
| All participants | 309 | 292 | 89·9 | 85·2, 94·5 | 52 | 17·8 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 100 | 96 | 74·4 | 66·3, 82·5 | 29 | 30·2 |
| Female | 209 | 196 | 97·4 | 92·1, 102·8 | 23 | 24·0 |
| Geography | ||||||
| South Island (44–46°S) | 155 | 143 | 85·6 | 78·7, 92·6 | 32 | 22·4 |
| North Island (37–41°S) | 154 | 149 | 93·9 | 87·8, 100·0 | 20 | 13·4 |
| Season of blood collection | ||||||
| Autumn | 155 | 148 | 91·4 | 84·7, 98·0 | 28 | 18·9 |
| Spring | 154 | 144 | 88·3 | 81·9, 94·8 | 24 | 16·1 |
| BMI categories (kg/m2) | ||||||
| <20 | 42 | 41 | 109·1 | 97·5, 120·8 | 3 | 7·3 |
| 20–24·99 | 105 | 95 | 91·9 | 83·9, 100·0 | 14 | 14·7 |
| 25–29·99 | 95 | 94 | 81·2 | 73·1, 89·4 | 24 | 25·5 |
| ≥30 | 59 | 56 | 83·7 | 73·2, 94·2 | 11 | 19·6 |
| Unreported | 8 | 6 | 117·9 | 91·8, 144·1 | – | |
| Funded cholecalciferol supplement* | ||||||
| Not taking | 77 | 75 | 46·4 | 37·1, 55·7 | 49 | 65·3 |
| Taking | 232 | 217 | 104·9 | 101·3, 108·5 | 3 | 1·4 |
| Additional vitamin D containing preparations† | ||||||
| Not taking | 269 | 257 | 87·1 | 82·1, 92·2 | 51 | 19·8 |
| Taking | 40 | 35 | 109·8 | 100·5, 119·1 | 1 | 2·9 |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Non-smoker | 287 | 272 | 90·7 | 85·9, 95·5 | 47 | 17·3 |
| Current smoker | 12 | 10 | 65·0 | 40·8, 89·3 | 3 | 30·0 |
| Unreported | 10 | 10 | 91·6 | 65·7, 117·5 | 2 | 20·0 |
| Frailty‡ | ||||||
| Non-frail | 49 | 43 | 85·0 | 74·2, 95·7 | 8 | 18·60 |
| Pre-frail | 93 | 89 | 91·6 | 83·0, 100·2 | 15 | 16·85 |
| Frail | 143 | 139 | 90·3 | 83·2, 97·4 | 26 | 18·71 |
| Unreported | 24 | 21 | 89·3 | 74·8, 103·8 | 3 | 14·29 |
| Malnutrition§ | ||||||
| Normal nutritional status | 158 | 154 | 83·4 | 76·9, 89·8 | 33 | 21·4 |
| At risk of malnutrition | 122 | 113 | 95·0 | 87·6, 102·4 | 18 | 15·9 |
| Malnourished | 20 | 19 | 108·0 | 92·3, 123·6 | 1 | 5·3 |
| Unreported | 9 | 6 | 103·1 | 86·7, 119·5 | – | |
*
Cholecalciferol 1250 µg (50 000 IU) once per month.
†
Bisphosphonate (Fosamax Plus®) or multivitamin containing cholecalciferol.
‡
Frailty coded by the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe Frailty Instrument (SHARE-FI)( 29 ).
§
Malnutrition by Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) categories( 21 ).