Table 1.
BMI (kg/m2) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | <25·0 | 25·0–29·9 | ≥30·0 | P § | |||||
BMI (kg/m2) | 869 | 100·0 | 446 | 51·3 | 226 | 26·0 | 197 | 22·7 | |
Age (years) | |||||||||
≤29 | 420 | 48·3 | 223 | 50·0 | 107 | 47·3 | 90 | 45·7 | 0·181 |
30–34 | 293 | 33·7 | 145 | 32·5 | 70 | 31·0 | 78 | 39·6 | |
≥35 | 156 | 18·0 | 78 | 17·5 | 49 | 21·7 | 29 | 14·7 | |
GA at recruitment (week) | |||||||||
12 | 584 | 67·2 | 308 | 69·1 | 158 | 69·9 | 118 | 59·9 | 0·048 |
13–15 | 239 | 27·5 | 113 | 25·3 | 55 | 24·3 | 71 | 36·0 | |
16–20 | 46 | 5·3 | 25 | 5·6 | 13 | 5·8 | 8 | 4·1 | |
Maternal education | |||||||||
High school and below | 170 | 19·6 | 91 | 20·4 | 34 | 15·0 | 45 | 22·8 | 0·010 |
College/university not completed | 77 | 8·8 | 31 | 6·9 | 19 | 8·4 | 27 | 13·7 | |
College/university completed | 622 | 71·6 | 324 | 72·7 | 173 | 76·6 | 125 | 63·5 | |
Race | |||||||||
Caucasian | 796 | 91·6 | 400 | 89·7 | 211 | 93·4 | 185 | 93·9 | 0·111 |
Other races | 73 | 8·4 | 46 | 10·3 | 15 | 6·6 | 12 | 6·1 | |
Household annual income ($CAN) | |||||||||
Declined | 46 | 5·3 | 31 | 6·9 | 6 | 2·6 | 9 | 4·6 | 0·005 |
≤49 999 | 244 | 28·1 | 128 | 28·7 | 54 | 23·9 | 62 | 31·5 | |
50 000–79 999 | 274 | 31·5 | 123 | 27·6 | 77 | 34·1 | 74 | 37·5 | |
≥80 000 | 305 | 35·1 | 164 | 36·8 | 89 | 39·4 | 52 | 26·4 | |
Smoking | |||||||||
No | 734 | 84·5 | 367 | 82·3 | 200 | 88·5 | 167 | 84·8 | 0·110 |
Yes | 135 | 15·5 | 79 | 17·7 | 26 | 11·5 | 30 | 15·2 | |
Folic acid supplement|| | |||||||||
Non-users | 35 | 4·0 | 10 | 2·2 | 9 | 4·0 | 16 | 8·1 | 0·009 |
≤1 mg/d | 710 | 81·7 | 377 | 84·6 | 183 | 81·0 | 150 | 76·1 | |
>1 mg/d | 124 | 14·3 | 59 | 13·2 | 34 | 15·0 | 31 | 15·8 | |
MTHFR 677C→T genotype | |||||||||
CC | 371 | 42·7 | 181 | 40·6 | 90 | 39·8 | 100 | 50·8 | 0·036 |
CT | 394 | 45·3 | 212 | 47·5 | 112 | 49·6 | 70 | 35·5 | |
TT | 104 | 12·0 | 53 | 11·9 | 24 | 10·6 | 27 | 13·7 |
GA, gestational age; MTHFR, methylenetetrahyrofolate reductase gene.
Data are presented as n and %. BMI = [weight (kg)]/[height (m)]2. BMI was measured in pregnancy (between 12 and 20 weeks of gestation); this may lead to misclassification of BMI category.
P value of χ 2 test.
Folic acid from supplements, not including folic acid from fortified foods or naturally occurring food folate.