Table 2.

Contribution of food groups to monetary diet cost (Japanese yen/d) among Japanese adults aged ≥20 years in the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2013, Japan^†

							Sex						Age
				All (n 4658)			Men (n 2115)			Women (n 2543)			20–59 years (n 2394)			≥60 years (n 2264)
	Cost of food group‡(Japanese yen/100 g)			Diet cost (Japanese yen/d)			Diet cost (Japanese yen/d)			Diet cost (Japanese yen/d)			Diet cost (Japanese yen/d)			Diet cost (Japanese yen/d)
	n	Median	IQR	Mean	95 % CI	%	Mean	95 % CI	%	Mean§	95 % CI	%	Mean	95 % CI	%	Mean§	95 % CI	%
Total monetary diet cost	–	–	–	1022	1011, 1033	–	1132	1114, 1150	–	930	917, 944	–	959	944, 974	–	1089	1072, 1106	–
Cost of each food group
Vegetables, mushrooms and seaweed	323	93	71–159	188	184, 192	18·4	196	190, 201	17·3	182***	177, 186	19·5	162	158, 167	16·9	215***	209, 221	19·7
Meat	112	199	127–234	167	163, 172	16·4	199	192, 207	17·6	141***	135, 146	15·1	194	188, 201	20·3	139***	133, 145	12·7
Fish and shellfish	277	189	149–356	165	160, 171	16·2	186	177, 194	16·4	148***	142, 155	15·9	131	125, 137	13·7	202***	193, 210	18·5
Beverages	75	20	12–89	130	126, 134	12·7	172	165, 180	15·2	95***	92, 99	10·2	131	125, 137	13·6	129	124, 135	11·9
Alcoholic beverages	24	71	49–135	54	50, 58	5·3	94	87, 101	8·3	21***	18, 24	2·3	55	49, 60	5·7	53	48, 58	4·9
Soft drinks	34	16	12–20	13	12, 15	1·3	18	15, 20	1·6	10***	9, 11	1·1	16	14, 18	1·7	11***	9, 12	1·0
Non-energy-containing beverages	17	15	12–510	63	61, 64	6·1	61	58, 63	5·4	64*	62, 66	6·9	60	58, 62	6·2	66***	64, 68	6·0
Grain	103	22	20–45	114	112, 115	11·1	134	131, 136	11·8	97***	96, 99	10·5	120	118, 123	12·5	107***	105, 109	9·8
White rice	13	21	20–73	72	71, 73	7·1	88	86, 90	7·7	59***	58, 61	6·3	75	73, 77	7·8	69***	68, 71	6·4
Noodles	30	22	16–52	19	18, 21	1·9	24	22, 26	2·1	16***	15, 17	1·7	23	21, 25	2·4	16***	14, 17	1·4
Bread	10	40	40–40	14	14, 15	1·4	14	13, 14	1·2	15**	14, 16	1·6	14	14, 15	1·5	15	14, 15	1·3
Others	17	31	21–73	4	3, 4	0·4	4	3, 4	0·3	3	3, 4	0·4	4	4, 5	0·5	3***	2, 3	0·3
Whole grain	33	21	19–22	4	4, 5	0·4	5	4, 6	0·4	4*	3, 4	0·4	4	3, 5	0·4	5*	4, 6	0·5
Fruits	78	60	26–94	63	61, 66	6·2	57	54, 60	5·0	69***	66, 72	7·4	37	35, 40	3·9	91***	87, 94	8·3
Sugars and confectioneries	158	121	100–141	51	49, 54	5·0	46	42, 49	4·0	56***	52, 59	6·0	51	47, 55	5·3	52	48, 55	4·8
Dairy products	35	161	59–316	42	40, 44	4·1	37	35, 39	3·3	46***	44, 48	4·9	38	36, 40	3·9	47***	44, 49	4·3
Pulses and nuts	85	79	52–113	31	30, 32	3·0	32	31, 34	2·9	30**	29, 31	3·2	27	25, 28	2·8	36***	34, 37	3·3
Seasoning	118	54	28–218	31	30, 31	3·0	33	32, 34	2·9	29***	28, 30	3·1	31	30, 32	3·2	31	30, 31	2·8
Potatoes	32	37	21–72	22	21, 22	2·1	22	21, 23	1·9	21	20, 22	2·3	18	17, 19	1·9	25***	24, 26	2·3
Eggs	10	35	31–61	11	11, 11	1·1	12	11, 12	1·0	10***	10, 10	1·1	11	11, 11	1·1	11	10, 11	1·0
Fats and oils	19	75	32–100	7	6, 7	0·6	7	7, 7	0·6	6**	6, 6	0·7	7	7, 8	0·7	6***	6, 6	0·5

IQR, interquartile range.

^†100 Japanese yen = 0·64 Pound Sterling, 0·75 Euros and 1·02 US dollars in November 2013.

^‡Median (IQR) of food cost for each food group that appeared in the 1 d semi-weighed dietary record among 4658 Japanese adults aged 20 years or older.

^§ P values for difference in mean value of food cost between subgroups (sex and age groups) were calculated by Student’s t test (*P < 0·05, **P < 0·01, ***P < 0·001).