. 2015 Jul 31;19(7):1155–1163. doi: 10.1017/S1368980015002232

Table 1.

Participant characteristics of the samples of pregnant women living in Australia, June–November 2013

	National cohort (n 455)		SA cohort (n 402)		Total (n 857)
Characteristic	n	%	n	%	n	%
Maternal age (years)^†	31·6	4·9	30·5**	5·1	31·1	5·0
Living in metropolitan area	326	72	342	85***	668	78
Highest education level
Secondary	96	21	70	17	166	19
Post-secondary but no tertiary	115	25	111	28	226	26
Tertiary	244	54	221	55	465	54
Gross household income
≤$AU 20 000	20	4	30	8	50	6
$AU 20 001–40 000	38	8	59	15*	97	11
$AU 40 001–70 000	103	23	95	24	198	23
$AU 70 001–105 000	149	33	101	25*	250	29
≥$AU 105 001	145	32	117	29	262	31
Employed	311	68	280	70	591	69
Living with a partner	433	95	380	95	813	95
Born in Australia	358	79	286	71*	644	75
Ethnic background
Australian	225	50	182	45	407	48
North-west European	27	6	24	6	51	6
Southern and Eastern European	19	4	33	8	52	6
British/Irish	74	16	72	18	146	17
Asian	66	15	55	14	121	14
Other	44	10	36	9	80	9
Gestational age (weeks)^‡	22	13–30	25*	18–34	24	16–32
Had previous birth(s)	287	63	169	42***	456	53
Planned pregnancy	347	76	291	72	638	74
Pre-pregnancy BMI≥25·0 kg/m²	183	40	136	34	319	37
Adhered to physical activity guidelines pre-pregnancy^§	125	28	139	35*	264	31
Smoked during pregnancy	33	7	16	4*	49	6
Consumed alcohol during pregnancy	90	20	92	23	182	21

SA, South Australian.

*P<0·05, **P<0·01, ***P<0·001 (for difference between national and SA cohort).

^†

Data are mean and standard deviation.

^‡

Data are median and interquartile range.

^§

Defined as ≥30 min of exercise on ≥5 d each week⁽ ³⁸ ⁾.