Table 1.
Characteristics and energy-adjusted distribution of nutrient intakes across tertiles of dietary diversity score * (DDS) among female adolescents (n 265) aged 11–13 years, Isfahan, Iran
| Tertile categories of DDS | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 (n 40) | 2 (n 128) | 3 (n 97) | |||||
| Mean or % | sd | Mean or % | sd | Mean or % | sd | P † | |
| Height (cm) | 153·81§ | 7·11 | 152·23 | 7·63 | 149·61 | 8·11 | 0·006 |
| Weight (kg) | 51·06 | 10·98 | 46·31 | 9·31 | 42·21 | 10·01 | <0·001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21·47 | 3·60 | 19·83 | 2·99 | 18·69 | 3·32 | <0·001 |
| Overweight or obesity (%) | 50·0 | – | 31·3 | – | 23·7 | – | 0·01 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 72·92 | 10·46 | 68·98 | 7·98 | 66·24 | 8·66 | <0·001 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 87·66 | 7·79 | 84·63 | 7·25 | 80·93 | 8·58 | <0·001 |
| Abdominal adiposity (%) | 60·0 | – | 42·2 | – | 24·7 | – | <0·001 |
| Nutrients | |||||||
| Energy intake (kJ)‡ | 11 570·51 | 926·24 | 10586·24 | 1005·73 | 8836·16 | 907·82 | <0·001 |
| Energy intake (kcal)‡ | 2763·57 | 221·23 | 2528·48 | 240·21 | 2110·48 | 216·83 | <0·001 |
| Protein (g) | 65·91 | 17·97 | 73·52 | 17·85 | 81·76 | 18·11 | <0·001 |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 349·32 | 47·41 | 347·05 | 47·10 | 362·14 | 47·78 | 0·06 |
| Fat (g) | 87·01 | 23·48 | 85·24 | 23·33 | 74·90 | 23·67 | 0·002 |
| SFA (g) | 25·69 | 7·44 | 24·39 | 7·39 | 23·04 | 7·49 | 0·15 |
| Cholesterol (mg) | 157·61 | 90·03 | 170·80 | 89·50 | 185·93 | 90·72 | 0·22 |
| Na (mg) | 2445·84 | 528·88 | 2451·34 | 525·43 | 2439·11 | 532·93 | 0·99 |
| Vitamin A (μg) | 461·87 | 405·01 | 615·67 | 402·36 | 696·57 | 408·12 | 0·01 |
| Vitamin D (μg) | 1·81 | 2·29 | 2·66 | 2·28 | 2·97 | 2·31 | 0·03 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 42·49 | 49·71 | 54·94 | 49·38 | 55·99 | 50·09 | 0·32 |
| Niacin (mg) | 14·33 | 3·77 | 14·85 | 3·76 | 14·49 | 3·80 | 0·65 |
| Vitamin B6 (mg) | 1·08 | 0·31 | 1·19 | 0·30 | 1·26 | 0·31 | 0·02 |
| Folate (μg) | 199·49 | 49·99 | 227·95 | 49·67 | 244·18 | 50·38 | <0·001 |
| Vitamin B12 (μg) | 2·36 | 1·11 | 2·75 | 1·10 | 3·25 | 1·11 | <0·001 |
| K (mg) | 2834·35 | 910·79 | 3250·14 | 904·84 | 3678·33 | 917·72 | <0·001 |
| Ca (mg) | 1198·23 | 605·06 | 1441·07 | 601·11 | 1735·60 | 609·70 | <0·001 |
| Fe (mg) | 8·93 | 2·10 | 9·48 | 2·08 | 9·21 | 2·12 | 0·31 |
| Mg (mg) | 237·08 | 64·19 | 275·81 | 63·76 | 295·93 | 64·68 | <0·001 |
| Zn (mg) | 8·07 | 2·63 | 9·02 | 2·61 | 10·16 | 2·65 | <0·001 |
*
Tertile cut-off points of DDS are as follows: first, ≤4·999; second, 5·000 to 7·999; third, ≥8·000.
†
P values resulting from ANOVA for quantitative variables and from χ 2 test for qualitative variables.
‡
Energy was not adjusted for energy intake.
§
Values are presented as mean and standard deviation unless indicated otherwise.