Appendix 1.
Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the study participants aged 18–39 years stratified by gender and macro-area; Italy, 2007
| Study population | North-west | North-east | Centre | South | Islands | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | P | Men | Women | P | Men | Women | P | Men | Women | P | Men | Women | P | Men | Women | P | P | |
| Obesity (%) | 14·8 | 13·1 | 0·090 | 10·5 | 12·6 | 0·461 | 11·8 | 10·9 | 0·710 | 13·9 | 12·8 | 0·610 | 17·1 | 14·9 | 0·220 | 16·2 | 11·4 | 0·007 | 0·004 |
| Overweight (%) | 57·0 | 39·9 | 0·070 | 55·4 | 35·4 | 0·001 | 49·5 | 37·1 | 0·002 | 54·4 | 39·0 | 0·001 | 61·5 | 43·5 | 0·001 | 57·5 | 39·5 | 0·001 | 0·001 |
| High waist circumference (%) | 30·6 | 44·7 | 0·001 | 31·4 | 43·2 | 0·006 | 22·4 | 40·0 | 0·001 | 28·7 | 47·2 | 0·001 | 32·0 | 45·0 | 0·001 | 36·5 | 45·4 | 0·023 | 0·044 |
| Hypertension (%) | 29·2 | 25·3 | 0·003 | 30·3 | 25·9 | 0·263 | 26·1 | 26·1 | 0·999 | 31·3 | 23·5 | 0·003 | 30·4 | 25·7 | 0·003 | 25·0 | 26·3 | 0·690 | 0·782 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia (%) | 17·9 | 28·0 | 0·001 | 21·9 | 29·2 | 0·064 | 20·0 | 31·0 | 0·004 | 17·7 | 27·7 | 0·001 | 16·7 | 26·7 | 0·001 | 16·4 | 27·7 | 0·001 | 0·071 |
| Hypertriacylglycerolaemia (%) | 32·7 | 33·0 | 0·787 | 32·0 | 36·7 | 0·256 | 36·0 | 34·4 | 0·687 | 28·5 | 36·7 | 0·012 | 34·4 | 30·1 | 0·056 | 31·0 | 27·5 | 0·342 | 0·020 |
| Lipid-lowering therapy (%) | 1·3 | 1·4 | 0·826 | 0·6 | 1·9 | 0·222 | 0 | 0·6 | 0·266 | 0·3 | 1·3 | 0·074 | 2·6 | 1·4 | 0·080 | 1·6 | 1·9 | 0·789 | 0·032 |
| Dyslipidaemia %) | 40·8 | 49·1 | 0·001 | 44·6 | 53·2 | 0·047 | 43·5 | 50·4 | 0·088 | 36·9 | 51·1 | 0·001 | 41·5 | 46·5 | 0·042 | 40·1 | 46·1 | 0·126 | 0·026 |
| Diabetes (%) | 8·2 | 8·2 | 0·940 | 6·3 | 8·5 | 0·344 | 9·8 | 9·8 | 0·998 | 7·9 | 8·0 | 0·979 | 8·4 | 7·6 | 0·550 | 7·9 | 8·5 | 0·207 | 0·614 |
| Hyperglycaemia (%) | 8·2 | 8·5 | 0·748 | 8·6 | 8·3 | 0·922 | 10·7 | 7·7 | 0·179 | 10·3 | 11·7 | 0·452 | 6·6 | 7·5 | 0·468 | 6·7 | 5·4 | 0·477 | 0·001 |
| Smoking (%) | 34·7 | 22·6 | 0·001 | 26·9 | 17·8 | 0·010 | 37·4 | 22·3 | 0·001 | 32·6 | 25·6 | 0·009 | 37·6 | 20·1 | 0·001 | 34·1 | 30·1 | 0·278 | 0·001 |
| Fruit and vegetables (%)* | 20·7 | 32·9 | 0·001 | 33·7 | 44·1 | 0·015 | 27·1 | 37·7 | 0·006 | 24·1 | 40·4 | 0·001 | 13·7 | 23·1 | 0·001 | 18·2 | 26·1 | 0·019 | 0·001 |
| Wine (%)† | |||||||||||||||||||
| Abstainer | 91·8 | 87·3 | 85·7 | 86·4 | 93·0 | 84·4 | 90·8 | 84·9 | 92·9 | 90·2 | 94·1 | 88·4 | |||||||
| Moderate | 7·5 | 8·4 | 0·001 | 13·1 | 7·2 | 0·001 | 6·5 | 10·2 | 0·002 | 8·4 | 9·5 | 0·001 | 6·3 | 7·5 | 0·037 | 5·9 | 8·5 | 0·008 | 0·001 |
| Habitual | 0·7 | 4·3 | 1·1 | 6·4 | 0·5 | 5·4 | 0·8 | 5·6 | 0·8 | 2·4 | 0·0 | 3·1 | |||||||
*Fruit and vegetable consumption within the recommended range of 8–10 servings/d.
†Wine consumption higher than the recommended intake: moderate, 1–2 drinks/d for men and 0·5–1 drink/d for women; habitual, >2 drinks/d for men, and >1 drink/d for women.