Table 1.
Sample characteristics of 2455 children at baseline, stratified by sex*, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)
| 10 years (n 2455) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys (n 1146) | Girls (n 1309) | |||
| Sample characteristic | Mean, % or median | sd or IQR | Mean, % or median | sd or IQR |
| Age (years), mean and sd | 10·6 | 0·2 | 10·6 | 0·2 |
| Height (cm), mean and sd | 143·8 | 6·2 | 144·0 | 6·8 |
| Weight (kg), median and IQR | 35·7 | 9·0 | 36·8 | 10·5 |
| WC (cm), median and IQR | 63·6 | 9·3 | 63·2 | 10·8 |
| BMI (kg/m2), median and IQR | 17·3 | 3·2 | 17·7 | 3·8 |
| Overweight/obese (%)† | 18·0 | – | 23·1 | – |
| TBFM at age 13 years (kg)‡, median and IQR | 8·3 | 8·3 | 15·2 | 9·5 |
| Physical activity at age 13 years (cpm)§, median and IQR | 565 | 244 | 458 | 186 |
| Pubertal stage at age 13 years (%) || | ||||
| Pre-pubertal | 70·0 | – | 60·9 | – |
| Early pubertal | 29·5 | – | 35·9 | – |
| Late pubertal | 0·5 | – | 3·2 | – |
| Maternal overweight/obesity (%) || | 35·4 | – | 34·8 | – |
| Maternal education (%) || | ||||
| Certificate of secondary education/vocational | 16·0 | – | 15·5 | – |
| O level | 34·0 | – | 36·8 | – |
| A level/college degree or higher | 50·1 | – | 47·8 | – |
| SSB consumers (%) | 61·8 | – | 58·0 | – |
| SSB (servings/d)¶, median and IQR | 0·40 | 1·4 | 0·30 | 1·0 |
| SSB (g/d), median and IQR | 71·1 | 240·0 | 50·0 | 180·0 |
| Dietary fat (%), mean and sd | 35·8 | 4·6 | 36·4 | 6·2 |
| Fruit juice (g/d), median and IQR | 83·3 | 224·0 | 74·7 | 200·0 |
| Fruits and vegetables (g/d), median and IQR | 117·5 | 127·0 | 125·0 | 121·7 |
| Energy intake (kJ/d), mean and sd | 8255 | 1536 | 7523 | 1414 |
| Energy intake (kcal/d), mean and sd | 1973 | 367 | 1798 | 338 |
| Dieting at age 13 years (%) || | 10·7 | – | 36·8 | – |
| Dietary reporting errors at age 13 years (%)** | ||||
| Under-reporter | 38·9 | – | 34·4 | – |
| Plausible reporter | 41·5 | – | 44·5 | – |
| Over-reporter | 19·7 | – | 21·1 | – |
IQR, interquartile range; WC, waist circumference; TBFM, total body fat mass; cpm, counts per minute; SSB, sugar-sweetened beverage.
Data are shown for baseline (age 10 years), unless otherwise noted.
Overweight/obese was defined using International Obesity Task Force age- and sex-specific weight categories( 37 ).
TBFM was obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry conducted at age 13 years.
Physical activity was measured by uniaxial accelerometer.
Sample sizes vary due to missing values as follows: pubertal stage (n 2231), maternal overweight/obesity (n 1880), maternal educational attainment (n 2292) and dieting at age 13 years (n 2135).
180 g=1 serving of SSB.