Table 2.

Percentage of individuals whose daily intakes were less than the AI or less than 0·77 of the RDA among French children aged 12–24 months consuming either CM or GUM

Nutrient	Linoleic acid	α-Linolenic acid	Fe	Zn	Retinol	Vitamin C	Vitamin D	Vitamin E
AI or RDA*	2·13 g∥	0·43 g¶	7 mg	6 mg	400 μg	60 mg	10 μg	6 mg
Threshold for a possible daily intake insufficiency†	2·13 g	0·43 g	5·4 mg	4·6 mg	308 μg	46 mg	7·7 μg	4·6 mg
Group CM (n 63)‡
No. of children with intake under the threshold for dietary inadequacy	32	53	37	35	51	31	63	59
Proportion (%)	51	84	59	56	81	50	100	94
95% CI	38, 63	75, 93	47, 71	43, 68	71, 91	37, 62	100, 100	88, 100
Group GUM (n 55)§
No. of children with intake under the threshold for dietary inadequacy	2	14	0	18	2	6	41	8
Proportion (%)	4	26	0	33	4	11	75	15
95% CI	0, 9	14, 37	0, 0	20, 45	0, 9	3, 19	63, 86	5, 24
Probability of a significant difference, within the two groups, in the proportion of children with a risk of dietary inadequacy (P < 0·05)	Z = 5·6	Z = 6·4	Z = 6·8	Z = 2·4	Z = 8·4	Z = 4·5	Z = 4·2	Z = 8·7
	P < 0·001	P < 0·001	P < 0·001	P < 0·02	P < 0·001	P < 0·001	P < 0·001	P < 0·001

CM, cows’ milk; GUM, growing-up milk.

*AI or RDA: Adequate Intake calculated as the recommended contribution of the nutrient to total energy intake or Recommended Daily Allowance (from Beaufrère et al. ^{( 4 )}).

†AI or 77% of the French RDA.

‡Group CM: children aged 12–24 months who received a daily intake of CM of at least 250 ml and who did not receive GUM or follow-on formula (FOF) or dairy products based on GUM or FOF (n 63).

§Group GUM: children aged 12–24 months who received a daily intake of GUM of at least 250 ml (n 55).

∥Lower limit of AI: 2% of observed total energy intake.

¶Lower limit of AI: 0·4% of observed total energy intake.