Table 1.
Participants (n 264) | Withdrawals† (n 70) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Mean or n | sd or % | Mean or n | sd or % | P‡ | ||
Dental conditions | |||||||
Number of teeth at baseline | 18·4 | 8·4 | 16·6 | 8·5 | 0·129 | ||
Number of teeth at follow-up | 17·8 | 8·4 | N/A | N/A | |||
Number of lost teeth | 0·6 | 1·1 | N/A | N/A | |||
Average CAL at baseline | 3·3 | 1·0 | 3·4 | 1·0 | 0·410 | ||
Average CAL at follow-up | 3·4 | 1·1 | N/A | N/A | |||
Number of teeth with periodontal disease progression | 1·5 | 2·2 | N/A | N/A | |||
Demographic and socio-economic status | |||||||
Gender | |||||||
Men | 141 | 53·4 | 32 | 45·7 | 0·252 | ||
Women | 123 | 46·6 | 38 | 54·3 | |||
Lower income | 30 | 11·4 | 13 | 18·6 | 0·109 | ||
Lower education | 148 | 56·1 | 39 | 55·7 | 0·959 | ||
Health status and health behaviours | |||||||
BMI (kg/m2) | 23·0 | 3·0 | 22·5 | 3·1 | 0·192 | ||
Hypoalbuminaemia | 103 | 39·0 | 23 | 32·9 | 0·345 | ||
Hyperglyacemia | 22 | 8·3 | 5 | 7·1 | 0·745 | ||
Smoking status | |||||||
Smoker | 126 | 47·7 | 32 | 45·7 | 0·764 | ||
Non-smoker | 138 | 52·3 | 38 | 54·3 | |||
Brushing frequency | |||||||
<2/d | 82 | 31·1 | 17 | 24·3 | 0·270 | ||
≥2/d | 182 | 68·9 | 53 | 75·7 | |||
Devices for inter-dental cleaning | |||||||
Not used | 130 | 49·2 | 39 | 55·7 | 0·336 | ||
Used | 134 | 50·8 | 31 | 44·3 | |||
Regular dental visits | |||||||
No | 123 | 46·6 | 37 | 52·9 | 0·351 | ||
Yes | 141 | 53·4 | 33 | 47·1 |
CAL, clinical attachment level; N/A, not available.
Lower income = annual household income <2 000 000 Japanese Yen; lower education = school attendance ≤10 years; hypoalbuminaemia = albumin ≤4·0 g/dl; hyperglycaemia = HbA1c ≥6·5 %; regular dental visits = having regular periodontal examination and professional teeth cleaning at least once annually.
†Withdrawal = person who participated in baseline examination but did not return for follow-up (n 69) and person who became edentulous during the study (n 1).
‡P value for the comparison of selected characteristics between participants and withdrawals.