Table 2.
Mean daily nutrient intakes (energy-adjusted) by tertile of food portion size on the days the food was consumed by a nationally representative sample of children aged 5–12 years (n 594), Republic of Ireland
| Saturated fat (%TE) | Added sugars (%TE) | Dietary fibre (g/10 MJ) | DED (kJ/g) | Na (mg/10 MJ) | Ca (mg/10 MJ) | Fe (mg/10 MJ) | Vitamin D (µg/10 MJ) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean intake | 14·0 | 15·0 | 18·3 | 8·34 | 3007 | 1217 | 13·7 | 3·4 | ||||||||
| T1, T2, T3 | T1, T2, T3 | T1, T2, T3 | T1, T2, T3 | T1, T2, T3 | T1, T2, T3 | T1, T2, T3 | T1, T2, T3 | |||||||||
| Pasta, boiled | 14·5, 13·9, 13·1 | 14·2, 12·9, 12·5 | 17·5, 18·8, 19·2 | 8·06, 7·73, 7·34 | 2785, 2768, 2629 | 1304, 1254, 1213 | 13·8, 14·0, 14·7 | 3·5, 3·5, 3·0 | ||||||||
| White bread & rolls | 14·6, 14·1, 13·4 | ↓ | 14·9, 14·2, 13·6 | ↓ | 17·2, 17·4, 18·1 | ↑ | 8·30, 8·44, 8·50 | 2894, 3089, 3281 | ↑ | 1239, 1263, 1284 | 12·8, 13·3, 13·6 | ↑ | 3·3, 3·3, 3·0 | |||
| Brown bread & rolls | 14·5, 13·8, 13·3 | 13·4, 12·3, 11·8 | 19·8, 21·5, 24·4 | ↑ | 7·86, 8·05, 7·62 | 3089, 3287, 3370 | 1186, 1251, 1236 | 14·1, 14·0, 15·7 | ↑ | 3·8, 4·0, 4·4 | ||||||
| Potatoes, boiled | 14·9, 14·3, 13·4 | ↓ | 14·4, 13·3, 13·0 | 17·6, 19·6, 21·3 | ↑ | 7·87, 7·39, 6·74 | ↓ | 2980, 3043, 3007 | 1321, 1303, 1200 | ↓ | 13·8, 15·4, 14·3 | ↑ | 4·4, 3·9, 2·9 | ↓ | ||
| Chips & wedges | 14·0, 14·0, 13·5 | 16·6, 15·2, 13·9 | ↓ | 16·4, 17·3, 19·6 | ↑ | 9·31, 9·19, 9·18 | 2942, 2852, 2607 | ↓ | 1178, 1042, 1009 | ↓ | 12·6, 11·9, 12·5 | 3·1, 3·2, 2·6 | ↓ | |||
| RTEBC | 14·4, 14·2, 13·7 | ↓ | 14·8, 14·1, 15·1 | – | 17·3, 18·0, 18·8 | ↑ | 8·36, 8·29, 8·62 | ↑ | 2900, 2964, 3003 | ↑ | 1229, 1299, 1324 | ↑ | 12·4, 15·1, 17·5 | ↑ | 3·3, 3·6, 3·5 | |
| Fruit, excl. dried | 14·4, 13·9, 13·4 | ↓ | 13·7, 13·2, 12·9 | 18·2, 20·4, 21·6 | ↑ | 8·04, 7·34, 6·90 | ↓ | 2971, 2895, 2873 | 1279, 1261, 1235 | 13·7, 13·6, 13·4 | 3·7, 3·3, 3·4 | |||||
| Vegetables, excl. pulses | 14·6, 14·0, 13·9 | 14·2, 13·3, 13·2 | 17·8, 19·2, 20·8 | ↑ | 8·08, 7·37, 6·86 | ↓ | 2883, 2918, 2834 | 1266, 1277, 1228 | 13·3, 14·0, 14·1 | 3·6, 3·7, 3·5 | ||||||
| Baked beans | 14·4, 14·2, 13·1 | 14·4, 13·4, 14·7 | 21·5, 24·4, 30·2 | ↑ | 8·11, 7·79, 7·56 | 3167, 3555, 3882 | ↑ | 1318, 1329, 1264 | 13·5, 15·1, 14·5 | ↑ | 3·2, 3·2, 2·7 | |||||
| Luncheon meats | 14·0, 13·8, 13·9 | 13·9, 14·9, 13·7 | 18·4, 17·6, 17·5 | 7·92, 8·23, 8·09 | 3179, 3199, 3535 | ↑ | 1296, 1286, 1253 | 13·7, 13·0, 13·9 | 3·2, 3·2, 3·4 | |||||||
| Frying meats | 14·8, 14·9, 15·1 | 14·2, 13·9, 13·9 | 16·7, 17·0, 16·7 | 8·51, 8·76, 8·83 | 3363, 3506, 4051 | ↑ | 1221, 1149, 1125 | 13·2, 12·7, 12·5 | 3·6, 3·6, 3·8 | |||||||
| Whole milk | 13·3, 14·6, 15·4 | ↑ | 16·2, 14·2, 12·9 | ↓ | 18·2, 18·4, 18·0 | 8·58, 8·26, 8·26 | ↓ | 2979, 2962, 2930 | 1055, 1301, 1475 | ↑ | 13·9, 14·5, 13·8 | ↑ | 3·6, 3·5, 3·0 | ↓ | ||
| Reduced-fat milks | 11·8, 12·5, 13·0 | 15·9, 14·2, 14·9 | 18·8, 18·3, 18·5 | 7·94, 8·21, 8·24 | 3045, 3068, 3100 | 1137, 1412, 1548 | ↑ | 14·6, 14·9, 13·6 | 3·6, 3·7, 4·3 | |||||||
| Cheeses | 14·6, 15·2, 16·9 | ↑ | 13·0, 13·3, 12·7 | 19·1, 17·5, 17·6 | 8·08, 8·13, 8·72 | ↑ | 3026, 3108, 3258 | ↑ | 1336, 1433, 1543 | ↑ | 13·4, 13·2, 12·8 | 3·1, 3·7, 3·2 | ||||
| Butter & spreads >59 % fat | 14·0, 14·8, 15·1 | ↑ | 13·8, 13·1, 13·5 | 18·4, 17·9, 17·4 | ↓ | 8·26, 8·31, 8·73 | ↑ | 3039, 3048, 3202 | ↑ | 1260, 1294, 1226 | 13·9, 13·2, 13·2 | ↓ | 3·3, 3·3, 3·0 | |||
| Low-fat spreads <38 % fat | 13·8, 13·2, 13·3 | 14·1, 13·9, 13·6 | 18·4, 18·5, 18·8 | 7·98, 7·83, 8·13 | 3002, 2994, 3234 | 1345, 1333, 1316 | 14·2, 13·3, 13·3 | 3·9, 4·4, 5·0 | ↑ | |||||||
| Biscuits | 14·4, 14·8, 15·1 | 14·4, 14·9, 15·4 | 17·6, 17·8, 17·2 | 8·31, 8·47, 8·81 | ↑ | 2879, 2912, 2807 | 1270, 1221, 1201 | 13·3, 13·2, 13·3 | 3·4, 3·1, 3·3 | |||||||
| Chocolate confectionery | 14·2, 14·9, 15·8 | ↑ | 14·9, 16·1, 19·2 | ↑ | 18·0, 16·7, 14·8 | ↓ | 8·31, 8·78, 9·24 | ↑ | 2962, 2812, 2588 | ↓ | 1226, 1202, 1141 | ↓ | 13·2, 13·3, 12·3 | ↓ | 3·5, 3·0, 3·1 | |
| Sugary sweets | 14·4, 13·7, 12·7 | ↓ | 15·3, 18·6, 23·0 | ↑ | 17·9, 16·4, 15·5 | ↓ | 8·35, 8·66, 9·25 | ↑ | 2853, 2850, 2577 | ↓ | 1265, 1181, 1037 | ↓ | 13·3, 12·6, 11·8 | ↓ | 3·4, 2·9, 2·7 | |
| Crisps | 14·2, 14·8, 15·4 | ↑ | 16·1, 14·8, 14·8 | 18·3, 19·2, 18·7 | 8·22, 8·89, 9·58 | ↑ | 2765, 2956, 2973 | 1237, 1166, 1043 | ↓ | 13·1, 12·3, 12·1 | 5·0, 2·8, 2·6 | ↓ | ||||
| Sugar-sweetened beverages | 14·4, 14·0, 12·9 | ↓ | 13·8, 16·7, 21·4 | ↑ | 18·1, 16·7, 16·2 | ↓ | 8·29, 8·54, 8·93 | ↑ | 2942, 2904, 2877 | 1201, 1200, 1070 | ↓ | 13·9, 13·1, 12·0 | ↓ | 3·3, 3·3, 2·8 | ↓ | |
| Non-sugar-sweetened beverages | 14·4, 14·7, 13·9 | 13·6, 13·4, 12·8 | 17·3, 17·5, 19·4 | ↑ | 8·33, 8·56, 8·15 | 2990, 3056, 3188 | 1235, 1262, 1221 | 13·1, 13·4, 14·1 | 3·5, 3·7, 3·9 | |||||||
%TE, percentage of total energy; DED, dietary energy density; RTEBC, ready-to-eat breakfast cereals.
T1, T2 and T3 describe mean intake values of the indicator being examined for each of the small (T1), medium (T2) and large (T3) portion size tertiles.
‘↑’ denotes a significant increase in values of the dietary quality indicator being examined with increasing portion size; ‘↓’ denotes a significant decrease in values of the indicator being examined with increasing portion size; ‘–’ denotes no discernible trend in values of the indicator across portion size tertiles, though significant differences may exist between pairs. Significance accepted at the level of P<0·05.