Table 2.
Mean energy and nutrient intakes (food as eaten), by lunch type, secondary schools, England, 2011
| School lunch | Packed lunch | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrient | Nutrient-based standard | Mean | se | Mean | se | Difference | P |
| Energy (kJ) | 2569–2837 | 2083 | 13 | 1879 | 21 | 204 | <0·001 |
| Energy (kcal) | 614–678 | 497·8 | 3·14 | 449·1 | 5·02 | 48·7 | <0·001 |
| Protein (g) | 13·3 | 19·2 | 0·14 | 14·6 | 0·19 | 4·6 | <0·001 |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 86·1 | 68·5 | 0·45 | 61·6 | 0·72 | 6·9 | <0·001 |
| NMES (g) | 18·9 | 14 · 1 | 0·20 | 14 · 0 | 0·36 | 0·1 | 0·881 |
| Fat (g) | 25·1 | 18 · 1 | 0·16 | 17 · 8 | 0·26 | 0·3 | 0·913 |
| SFA (g) | 7·9 | 6 · 5 | 0·07 | 6 · 2 | 0·11 | 0·2 | 0·353 |
| Fibre (g) | 5·2 | 4·0 | 0·04 | 2·9 | 0·05 | 1·1 | <0·001 |
| Na (mg) | 714 | 626 · 2 | 5·24 | 682 · 0 | 9·11 | −55·8 | <0·001 |
| Vitamin A (μg) | 245 | 174·5 | 3·10 | 126·7 | 4·99 | 47·7 | <0·001 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 14 | 21·2 | 0·35 | 18·9 | 0·73 | 2·3 | 0·062 |
| Folate (μg) | 70 | 51·5 | 0·45 | 39·6 | 0·69 | 11·9 | <0·001 |
| Ca (mg) | 350 | 222·4 | 2·34 | 206·7 | 3·37 | 15·7 | 0·051 |
| Fe (mg) | 5·2 | 2·4 | 0·02 | 2·1 | 0·03 | 0·3 | <0·001 |
| Zn (mg | 3·3 | 2·0 | 0·02 | 1·6 | 0·02 | 0·5 | <0·001 |
| Percentage of energy from: | |||||||
| Protein | –* | 15·8 | 0·09 | 13·1 | 0·14 | 2·7 | <0·001 |
| Carbohydrate | ≥50 | 53·0 | 0·18 | 52·4 | 0·30 | 0·6 | 0·272 |
| NMES | ≤11 | 11·6 | 0·20 | 11·9 | 0·32 | −0·3 | 0·703 |
| Fat | ≤35 | 30 · 7 | 0·16 | 34 · 0 | 0·27 | −3·3 | <0·001 |
| SFA | ≤11 | 11 · 0 | 0·08 | 11·6 | 0·14 | −0·6 | 0·001 |
NMES, non-milk extrinsic sugars.
Base (pupils): 5925 school lunches; 1805 packed lunches.
Difference = school lunch minus packed lunch.
Values shown in bold indicate that minimum standard is met. Values shown in bold italic indicate that maximum standard is met.
*No standard for percentage of energy to be met from protein.