Table 2.

Dietary intake, physical activity, demographic characteristics, HEI components and their scores in the study population by 24 h urinary potassium excretion: Spanish adults (n 326) aged 18–60 years, FANPE Study (‘Fuentes Alimentarias de Nutrientes en Población Española’; Dietary Sources of Nutrients in the Spanish Population), January–September 2009

	Group IP (n 266)		Group AP (n 60)
	Mean	sd	Mean	sd
Age	35·1*	11·4	38·2*	10·5
% Men	40·6*	–	68·3*	–
Coefficient of activity	1·59***	0·08	1·56***	0·04
Energy intake (kJ/d)	9162	2656	9301	2736
Under-reporting (%)	12·3	24·7	18·5	22·0
K intake (mg/d)	2952***	673	3285***	586
Intake of HEI dietary components†
Cereals (servings/d)	4·63	1·17	4·69	2·55
Fruits (servings/d)	1·38*	0·75	1·84*	1·64
Vegetables (servings/d)	2·82**	1·12	3·67**	2·44
Meat/fish/eggs (servings/d)	3·27	0·80	3·32	1·73
Dairy products (servings/d)	2·11	0·71	2·32	1·55
Fat intake (% of energy)	42·0	4·51	40·4	9·80
SFA intake (% of energy)	13·4	1·9	12·5	4·12
Cholesterol intake (mg/d)	343·0	78·3	335·8	170·0
Na intake (mg/d)	2583	403	2588	875
Dietary variety (foods/2 d)	9·4**	1·5	10·5**	3·3
Scores for the HEI components†
Cereals	5·78	1·34	5·73	2·92
Fruits	4·57	1·96	5·32	4·27
Vegetables	6·29**	1·83	7·63**	3·99
Meat/fish/eggs	9·22	0·96	9·13	2·08
Dairy products	7·40	1·69	7·72	3·66
Fat intake	3·00	1·97	3·58	4·27
SFA intake	4·17	2·33	5·17	5·06
Cholesterol intake	5·90	2·24	6·36	4·86
Na intake	8·70	1·19	8·94	2·59
Dietary variety (foods/2 d)	3·45**	1·41	4·70**	3·07
HEI score	58·5**	7·67	64·1**	16·70

HEI, Healthy Eating Index; IP, inadequate potassium; AP, adequate potassium.

Student’s t test (or the Mann–Whitney U test if the distribution of the results was not homogeneous) was used to compare means between groups.

*P<0·05; ** P<0·01; *** P<0·001 (significant difference between IP and AP groups).

^†Data adjusted for covariables of sex, age, BMI, energy intake, under-reporting of energy intake and coefficient of activity.