Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics, nutritional deficiencies and cardiometabolic risk factors by sex* among adults (n 310) aged 25–60 years, northern district of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 2010
| All (n 310) | Women (n 161) | Men (n 149) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean or % | sd or 95 % CI | Mean or % | sd or 95 % CI | Mean or % | sd or 95 % CI | P† | |
| Age (years) | 36·4 | 9·1 | 35·7 | 8·9 | 37·1 | 9·2 | 0·161 |
| Formal education | |||||||
| None | 40·3 | 34·8, 45·8 | 45·3 | 37·6, 53·0 | 34·9 | 27·3, 42·5 | 0·061 |
| Elementary school | 19·0 | 14·6, 23·4 | 19·3 | 13·2, 25·4 | 18·8 | 12·5, 25·1 | 0·913 |
| High school & above | 40·6 | 35·1, 46·1 | 35·4 | 28·0, 42·8 | 46·3 | 38·3, 54·3 | 0·050 |
| Anaemia | 25·5 | 20·7, 30·3 | 34·8 | 27·5, 42·1 | 15·4 | 9·6, 21·2 | <0·001 |
| Iron depletion | 15·4 | 11·4, 19·4 | 23·9 | 17·3, 30·5 | 6·1 | 2·3, 9·9 | <0·001 |
| Vitamin A deficiency | 12·7 | 9·0, 16·4 | 17·0 | 11·2, 22·8 | 8·1 | 3·7, 12·5 | 0·020 |
| Underweight | 9·7 | 6·4, 13·0 | 8·1 | 3·9, 12·3 | 11·4 | 6·3, 16·5 | 0·320 |
| Overweight | 16·8 | 12·7, 20·9 | 23·0 | 16·5, 29·5 | 10·1 | 5·3, 14·9 | 0·002 |
| Overall obesity | 7·4 | 4·5, 10·3 | 11·2 | 6·3, 16·1 | 3·4 | 0·5, 6·3 | 0·008 |
| Abdominal obesity | 12·5 | 8·8, 16·2 | 23·7 | 17·1, 30·3 | 0·7 | −0·6, 2·0 | <0·001 |
| Hypertension | 21·9 | 17·3, 26·5 | 22·4 | 16·0, 28·8 | 21·5 | 14·9, 28·1 | 0·850 |
| Hyperglycaemia | 22·3 | 17·7, 26·9 | 20·5 | 14·3, 26·7 | 24·2 | 17·3, 31·1 | 0·430 |
| High LDL-C | 8·3 | 3·2, 13·4 | 7·8 | 2·7, 12·9 | 15·3 | 8·2, 22·4 | 0·140 |
| Low HDL-C | 30·0 | 24·9, 35·1 | 31·7 | 24·5, 38·9 | 28·2 | 21·0, 35·4 | 0·50 |
| High TC:HDL-C | 7·1 | 4·3, 9·9 | 8·7 | 4·4, 13·0 | 5·4 | 1·8, 9·0 | 0·250 |
| Hypertriacylglycerolaemia | 1·9 | 0·4, 3·4 | 1·9 | −0·2, 4·0 | 2·0 | 0·2, 4·2 | 0·750 |
| Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR ≥ 6·77) | 25·1 | 20·3, 29·9 | 26·0 | 19·3, 32·7 | 24·1 | 17·3, 30·9 | 0·690 |
| MetS | 10·3 | 6·9, 13·7 | 12·4 | 7·3, 17·5 | 8·1 | 3·7, 12·5 | 0·206 |
LDL-C, LDL cholesterol; HDL-C, HDL cholesterol; TC:HDL-C, ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-C; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance index; MetS, metabolic syndrome.
*This includes twenty-one participants with prior hypertension and two participants with prior diabetes.
†Significance of the difference between women and men as determined by Student's t test or the χ 2 test.